This is a list of launches made by Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) using Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) rockets.
Notable missions
PSLV flight D1
This was the first developmental flight of the PSLV-D1.[1] The IRS-1E satellite which was proposed to be launched was derived from the engineering model of IRS-1A incorporating a similar camera and an additional German-built monocular electro-optical stereo scanner. Even though the mission was a failure, the launch team and an expert committee appointed thereafter noted that the mission had validated many technologies and that most sub-systems had performed optimally.[2][3]
PSLV flight C2
In the flight sequence, IRS-P4 was injected first, followed by KITSAT-3 and DLR-Tubsat in that order.[4] The mission was supported by ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network of ground stations located at Bangalore, Sriharikota, Lucknow, Mauritius, Bearslake, Russia and Biak, Indonesia. During the initial phase of the mission the ground station at Wilhem in Germany also provided network support. Upon injection of the satellites, data from the IRS-P4 was received at Hyderabad while KITSAT-3 data was received at the ground station in South Korea and the data from the DLR-Tubsat was received at the university ground station in Berlin.[5][6]
PSLV flight C6
The former President, Dr. Abdul Kalam, witnessed the launch from the Mission Control Centre.[7] It was the first PSLV launch from second pad, using integrate-transfer-and-launch technology. After its integration in the Vehicle Assembly Building, the PSLV-C6 was transported on rails to the Umbilical Tower (UT) located one km away using the Mobile Launch Pedestal where the final operations were carried out.[7]
PSLV flight C7
The following hardware changes[8][9] were made since PSLV-C6:
- first use of DLA (Dual Launch Adapter) to launch 2 primary satellites in time
- reduction of propellant from 2.5 tonne to 2 tonne in the fourth liquid propellant stage
- incorporation of a video imaging system to capture payload and DLA separation events
- altitude based day of launch wind-biased steering programme during Open Loop Guidance
- removal of Secondary Injection Thrust Vector Control (SITVC) system for one of the strapons ignited in the air.
PSLV flight C9
The fourth stage first fired Cartosat-2A into orbit at an altitude of 637 km about 885 seconds after lift-off. About 45 seconds later, it propelled IMS-1 into the orbit. Then the six nano satellites belonging to a cluster called Nanosatellite Launch System-4 (NLS-4) were injected into orbit at intervals of 20 seconds each. NLS-5, a single satellite, flew out and finally the tenth satellite Rubin-8 went along with the fourth stage into orbit. Two satellites belonged to India and the remaining were nanosatellites built by universities in different countries.[10] This was the maximum number of satellites placed in orbit, in a single PSLV launch.[11][12][13]
PSLV flight C21
Launch attended by the former prime minister, Manmohan Singh.[14] mRESINS (mini Redundant Strapdown Inertial Navigation System) bolted to the vehicle's fourth stage, have tested avionics for future PSLV missions.[15] With this launch Indian Space Research Organisation marked its 100 space missions, with 62 satellites, 37 launch vehicles and 1 Space Capsule Recovery Experiment.Template:Citation needed
PSLV flight C22
Earlier launch date for PSLV C22 was fixed as 12 June 2013 but the launch had been postponed because of a technical snag in the 2nd stage.[16]
ISRO then replaced a faulty component in the PSLV C22 rocket and rescheduled the flight of the IRNSS-1A satellite on 1 July 2013.[17] PSLV C22, successfully launched IRNSS-1A, the first satellite in the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS). At the completion of the countdown, PSLV C22 lifted off from the First Launch Pad at 23:41 (IST) on 1 July 2013 with the ignition of the first stage and four strap-on motors of the launch vehicle.[18]
PSLV flight C25
The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), informally called Mangalyaan is a Mars orbiter that was successfully injected into Earth orbit on 5 November 2013 at 14:38 IST (09:08 UTC) atop a PSLV-XL launch vehicle from Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota (SHAR).Template:Citation needed
PSLV flight C29
PSLV C29 lifted off from the First Launch Pad (FLP) of SDSC SHAR at 18:00 [IST] on 16 December 2015. It successfully deployed six satellites it carried with gross weight of 624 kg. After fourth stage engines were cut off primary payload TeLEOS-1 was injected in orbit at about 18 minutes 12 seconds after lift-off. This was followed by the deployment of other five satellites, namely Kent Ridge-1, VELOX-C1, VELOX-II, Galassia and Athenoxat-1 in quick succession in the subsequent three minutes.[19] 67 minutes into flight fourth stage re-ignition capability was demonstrated successfully by firing its engines for duration of nearly five seconds. This capability would enable multiple satellite deployment in varying orbits on same flight.[20]
PSLV flight C34
PSLV-C34 was launched on 22 June 2016 and successfully deployed 20 satellites in sun-synchronous orbit. A Dual Launch Adapter with new design[21] compared to its previous version[22] was used to integrate all ride-sharing payloads with PS4. After completion of mission a pair of PS4 re-ignition tests were performed to reaffirm multi-orbit deployment capability of PS4.[23] A new inertial navigation system 'Mk IV A' employing next generation accelerometer was introduced on this mission.[24][25]
PSLV flight C36
Remote umbilical fill and drain system was used on fourth stage for the first time reducing the countdown time by one day. Experimental avionics packages were flown bolted to fourth stage including "miniaturized advanced inertial navigation system" miniAINS,[26] NavIC based positioning system,[27] Vikram processor and new lithium-ion based power system. A video imaging system was also on-board, consisting of five cameras which captured and live streamed various staging events.[28][29]
PSLV flight C37
PSLV C37 was launched from Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota (SHAR) carrying a payload of 104 satellites from 6 countries around the world (Israel, Kazakhstan, Netherlands, Switzerland, United Arab Emirates and the United States). Of the 104 satellites, 96 were CubeSats made by Planet Labs and Spire Global, two San Francisco companies adding to their commercial satellite constellations.[30]
The launch set the record for the largest number of spacecraft ever launched on a single rocket. The previous record was held by Russia, which in 2014 catapulted 37 satellites in a single launch, using a modified Intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM).[31]Template:Cbignore[32] It was again broken by SpaceX on their Transporter-1 mission which carried 143 satellites on a single launch.Template:Cbignore
PSLV flight C48
This was the 50th flight of the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle.[33] It was also the 75th launch from Sriharikota. The flight placed into orbit the RISAT-2BR1 and nine customer satellites for New Space India Ltd. It was the second flight of the PSLV in the QL configuration.[34]
PSLV flight C51
Template:Main This was the 53rd flight of PSLV and the 50th successful flight of PSLV. This is the first dedicated commercial launch executed by NSIL.[35] The mission successfully placed Amazônia-1 from Brazil, INPE and 18 other payload into its orbit.[36]
Launch failures Of PSLV
IRS-1E
On 20 September 1993, a PSLV D1, the first developmental flight rocket, failed during launch of IRS-1E. A significant attitude disturbance occurred during second to third-stage separation, causing the attitude control command to exceed its maximum value. Because of the programming error in the pitch control loop of the digital autopilot software in the guidance and control processor, the required reversal of command polarity did not take place, causing the pitch loop to become unstable, resulted in loss of attitude control and failure to achieve orbit. The attitude control disturbance was traced to failure of one of the retro rockets designed to pull the burnt second stage away from the third stage. The vehicle crashed into the Bay of Bengal 700 seconds after take off.[3]
IRS-1D
On 29 September 1997, a PSLV C1 rocket failed during launch of IRS-1D. Anomalous interaction between the primary and secondary pressure regulators of the fourth stage caused a reduction in propellant flow and thrust after 250 seconds of burn time. As a result, the fourth stage was shut down by a software override timer after burning 435 seconds, before reaching the target orbit or depleting propellant. The injection velocity was 140 m/s low, resulting in an orbit of 301 x 823 km instead of the planned 817 km circular SSO.[37] Initially, a leak of helium gas from one of the components in the fourth stage was suspected,[38][39] similar to recent Long March 3 launch failure, but later ruled out. Resulting orbit was partially corrected using satellite's on-board thrusters, thereby raising the perigee to 737 km, while the apogee remained at 821 km.[3]
IRNSS-1H
PSLV-C39 carrying IRNSS-1H was launched on 31 August 2017 at 13:30 UTC from Second Launch Pad of Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SHAR). After about 203 seconds of flight payload fairing failed to be jettisoned as planned. Despite completing rest of the flight with all other systems working as expected, with about 1000 kg of extra weight[40] orbit achieved was 167.4 x 6554.8 km at 19.18° inclination well below the intended 284 x 20650 km at 19.2° inclination.[41] After fourth stage engine cut off IRNSS-1H separation occurred, leaving it adrift inside the closed payload fairing. This was second event of total failure in PSLV launch history since 1993.[42][43]
Launch statistics
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Rocket configurations
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Launch sites
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Launch outcomes
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Launch history
Template:As of the PSLV has made 57 launches, with 54 successfully reaching their planned orbits, two outright failures and one partial failure, yielding a success rate of Template:Percent (or Template:Percent including the partial failure).[44] All launches have occurred from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre, known before 2002 as the Sriharikota Range (SHAR).
1993–1999 | ||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D1 | 20 September 1993 05:12 |
PSLV-G | First | Template:Flagicon IRS-1E | 846 kg | Template:Failure | ||
| Maiden flight; Attitude control failure at second stage separation.[1] | ||||||||
| D2 | 15 October 1994 05:05 |
PSLV-G | First | Template:Flagicon IRS-P2 | 804 kg | Template:Success | ||
| [45] | ||||||||
| D3 | 21 March 1996 04:53 |
PSLV-G | First | Template:Flagicon IRS-P3 | 920 kg | Template:Success | ||
| [46] | ||||||||
| C1 | 29 September 1997 04:47 |
PSLV-G | First | Template:Flagicon IRS-1D | 1250 kg | Template:Partial failure | ||
| First operational flight; Fourth stage under-performed resulting in lower than planned orbit. Satellite used own propulsion to move to correct orbit.[47] | ||||||||
| C2 | 26 May 1999 06:22 |
PSLV-G | First | Template:Flagicon Oceansat-1 Template:Flagicon DLR-Tubsat Template:Flagicon Kitsat-3 |
1050 kg 45 kg 107 kg |
Template:Success | ||
| First launch to have foreign satellites, and first to carry multiple satellites.[4][5] | ||||||||
2001–2005 | ||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
| C3 | 22 October 2001 04:53 |
PSLV-G | First | Template:Flagicon TES Template:Flagicon PROBA Template:Flagicon BIRD |
1108 kg 94 kg 92 kg |
Template:Success | ||
| First multi-orbit mission. TES and BIRD were injected into a nominal 568 km circular sun-synchronous polar orbit, PROBA was injected into a 568 X 638 km elliptic orbit. Orbit was raised using RCS thrusters on fourth stage.[48][49] | ||||||||
| C4 | 12 September 2002 10:23 |
PSLV-G | First | Template:Flagicon MetSat-1 (Kalpana-1) | 1060 kg | Template:Success | ||
| India's first launch to GTO. GTO payload capability has reached 1200 kg from 2002 onward, compared to 1050 kg previously. First use of lightweight carbon composite payload adapter.[50][51][52] | ||||||||
| C5 | 17 October 2003 04:52 |
PSLV-G | First | Template:Flagicon RESOURCESAT-1 (IRS-P6) | 1360 kg | Template:Success | ||
| Payload capability had been progressively increased by more than 600 kg since the first PSLV launch. Launch took place despite heavy rain.[53][54] | ||||||||
| C6 | 5 May 2005 04:45 |
PSLV-G | Second | Template:Flagicon Cartosat-1 Template:Flagicon HAMSAT |
1560 kg 42.5 kg |
Template:Success | ||
| First PSLV launch from the second launch pad.[55] | ||||||||
2007 | ||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
| C7 | 10 January 2007 03:54 |
PSLV-G | First | Template:Flagicon Cartosat-2 Template:Flagicon SRE-1 Template:Flagicon LAPAN-TUBsat Template:Flagicon PEHUENSAT-1 |
680 kg 500 kg 56 kg 6 kg |
Template:Success | ||
| First flight of hardware upgrade, first launch of reentry capsule (SRE).[56] | ||||||||
| C8 | 23 April 2007 10:00 |
PSLV-CA | Second | Template:Flagicon AGILE Template:Flagicon AAM (attached to PS4) |
352 kg 185 kg |
Template:Success | ||
| First flight of the 'Core-Alone' configuration. ISRO's first commercial launch (foreign satellite as the main payload).[57][58] | ||||||||
2008 | ||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
| C10 | 21 January 2008 03:45 |
PSLV-CA | First | Template:Flagicon TecSAR | 295 kg | Template:Success | ||
| ISRO's second commercial launch (foreign satellite as the main payload).[59][60] | ||||||||
| C9 | 28 April 2008 03:53 |
PSLV-CA | Second | Template:Flagicon Cartosat-2A Template:Flagicon IMS-1/TWSAT Template:Flagicon RUBIN-8 Template:Flagicon CanX-6/NTS Template:Flagicon CanX-2 Template:Flagicon CUTE-1.7 + APD II Template:Flagicon Delfi-C3 Template:Flagicon SEEDS-2 Template:Flagicon COMPASS-1 Template:Flagicon AAUSAT-II |
690 kg 83 kg 8 kg 6.5 kg 3.5 kg 3 kg 2.2 kg 1 kg 1 kg 0.75 kg |
Template:Success | ||
| [61][62] | ||||||||
| C11 | 22 October 2008 00:52 |
PSLV-XL | Second | Template:Flagicon Chandrayaan-1 | 1380 kg | Template:Success | ||
| First flight of the PSLV-XL configuration, first Indian Lunar probe.[63][64] | ||||||||
2009 | ||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
| C12 | 20 April 2009 01:15 |
PSLV-CA | Second | Template:Flagicon RISAT-2 Template:Flagicon ANUSAT |
300 kg 40 kg |
Template:Success | ||
| India's first radar imaging satellite, RISAT.[65][66] | ||||||||
| C14 | 23 September 2009 06:21 |
PSLV-CA | First | Template:Flagicon Oceansat-2 Template:FlagiconTemplate:Flagicon Rubin 9.1 (attached to PS4) Template:FlagiconTemplate:Flagicon Rubin 9.2 (attached to PS4) Template:Flagicon SwissCube-1 Template:Flagicon BeeSat Template:Flagicon UWE-2 Template:Flagicon ITUpSAT1 |
960 kg 8 kg 8 kg 1 kg 1 kg 1 kg 1 kg |
Template:Success | ||
| Rubin 9.1 and 9.2 intentionally remained attached to the fourth stage. SwissCube-1 was the first Swiss satellite, and ITUpSAT1 was the first satellite to be constructed in Turkey.[67][68][69][70][71][72] | ||||||||
2010 | ||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
| C15 | 12 July 2010 03:52 |
PSLV-CA | First | Template:Flagicon Cartosat-2B Template:Flagicon ALSAT-2A Template:Flagicon AISSat-1 Template:Flagicon TIsat-1 Template:Flagicon STUDSAT |
694 kg 117 kg 6.5 kg 1 kg 0.95 kg |
Template:Success | ||
| AISSat-1 and TIsat are part of NLS-6.[73][74][75][76][77][78][79] | ||||||||
2011 | ||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
| C16 | 20 April 2011 04:42 |
PSLV-G | First | Template:Flagicon ResourceSat-2 Template:Flagicon X-Sat Template:FlagiconTemplate:Flagicon YouthSat |
1206 kg 106 kg 92 kg |
Template:Success | ||
| [80] | ||||||||
| C17 | 15 July 2011 11:18 |
PSLV-XL | Second | Template:Flagicon GSAT-12 | 1410 kg | Template:Success | ||
| First use of Vikram flight computer.[81][82] | ||||||||
| C18 | 12 October 2011 05:31 |
PSLV-CA | First | Template:FlagiconTemplate:Flagicon Megha-Tropiques Template:Flagicon SRMSAT Template:Flagicon Jugnu Template:Flagicon VesselSat-1 |
1000 kg 10.9 kg 3 kg 28.7 kg |
Template:Success | ||
| [83][84] | ||||||||
2012 | ||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
| C19 | 26 April 2012 00:17 |
PSLV-XL | First | Template:FlagiconRISAT-1 | 1858 kg | Template:Success | ||
| [85][86] | ||||||||
| C21 | 9 September 2012 04:23 |
PSLV-CA | First | Template:Flagicon SPOT-6 Template:Flagicon mRESINS (attached to PS4) Template:Flagicon PROITERES |
720 kg 50 kg 15 kg |
Template:Success | ||
| mRESINS tested avionics for future PSLV launches. ISRO's third commercial launch (foreign satellite as the main payload). ISRO's 100th mission.[87][88] | ||||||||
2013 | ||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
| C20 | 25 February 2013 12:31 |
PSLV-CA | First | Template:FlagiconTemplate:Flagicon SARAL Template:Flagicon Sapphire Template:Flagicon NEOSSat Template:Flagicon TUGSAT-1 Template:Flagicon UniBRITE-1 Template:Flagicon STRaND-1 Template:Flagicon AAUSAT3 |
409 kg 148 kg 74 kg 14 kg 14 kg 6.5 kg 0.8 kg |
Template:Success | ||
| TUGSAT-1 and UniBRITE were the first Austrian satellites.[89][90][91] | ||||||||
| C22 | 1 July 2013 18:11 |
PSLV-XL | First | Template:Flagicon IRNSS-1A | 1425 kg | Template:Success | ||
| India's first regional navigation satellite.[18] | ||||||||
| C25 | 5 November 2013 09:08 |
PSLV-XL | First | Template:Flagicon Mars Orbiter Mission | 1350 kg | Template:Success | ||
| India's first Mars mission.[92][93] | ||||||||
2014 | ||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
| C24 | 4 April 2014 11:44 |
PSLV-XL | First | Template:Flagicon IRNSS-1B | 1432 kg | Template:Success | ||
| India's second regional navigation satellite.[94][95] | ||||||||
| C23 | 30 June 2014 04:22 |
PSLV-CA | First | Template:Flagicon SPOT-7 Template:Flagicon CanX-4 Template:Flagicon CanX-5 Template:Flagicon AISAT Template:Flagicon VELOX-1 |
714 kg 15 kg 15 kg 14 kg 7 kg |
Template:Success | ||
| ISRO's fourth commercial launch (foreign satellite as the main payload).[96] | ||||||||
| C26 | 16 October 2014 20:02 |
PSLV-XL | First | Template:Flagicon IRNSS-1C | 1425.4 kg | Template:Success | ||
| Seventh PSLV-XL and third Navigation Satellite launch.[97][98] | ||||||||
2015 | ||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
| C27 | 28 March 2015 11:49 |
PSLV-XL | Second | Template:Flagicon IRNSS-1D | 1425 kg | Template:Success | ||
| Eighth PSLV-XL and fourth Navigation Satellite launch.[99] | ||||||||
| C28 | 10 July 2015 16:28 |
PSLV-XL | First | Template:Flagicon UK-DMC3A Template:Flagicon UK-DMC3B Template:Flagicon UK-DMC3C Template:Flagicon CBNT-1 Template:Flagicon DeOrbitSail |
447 kg 447 kg 447 kg 91 kg 7 kg |
Template:Success | ||
| At the time it was the heaviest commercial mission (1439 kg) successfully accomplished using a launch vehicle assembled by ISRO.[100][101][102] | ||||||||
| C30 | 28 September 2015 04:30 |
PSLV-XL | First | Template:Flagicon Astrosat Template:Flagicon LAPAN-A2 Template:Flagicon exactView 9 Template:Flagicon Lemur-2 #1 Joel Template:Flagicon Lemur-2 #2 Peter Template:Flagicon Lemur-2 #3 Jeroen Template:Flagicon Lemur-2 #4 Chris |
1650 kg 68 kg 5.5 kg 4 kg 4 kg 4 kg 4 kg |
Template:Success | ||
| Launch of India's first dedicated multi-wavelength space observatory and ISRO's first launch of US satellites.[103] | ||||||||
| C29 | 16 December 2015 12:30 |
PSLV-CA | First | Template:Flagicon TeLEOS-1 Template:Flagicon VELOX-C1 Template:Flagicon VELOX-II Template:Flagicon Kent Ridge-1 Template:Flagicon Galassia Template:Flagicon Athenoxat-1[104][105] |
400 kg 123 kg 13 kg 78 kg 3.4 kg 4.8 kg |
Template:Success | ||
| Commercial launch of 6 Singaporean satellites. Fourth stage re-ignition demonstrated successfully after payload deployment.[20][106][107] | ||||||||
2016 | ||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
| C31 | 20 January 2016 04:01 |
PSLV-XL | Second | Template:Flagicon IRNSS-1E | 1425 kg | Template:Success | ||
| IRNSS-1E, fifth navigation satellite of the seven satellites constituting the IRNSS space segment launched. It carries two types of payloads – navigation payload and ranging payload. This is the eleventh time "XL" configuration is being flown.[108][109][110] | ||||||||
| C32 | 10 March 2016 10:31 |
PSLV-XL | Second | Template:Flagicon IRNSS-1F | 1425 kg | Template:Success | ||
| IRNSS-1F, sixth navigation satellite of the seven satellites constituting the IRNSS space segment launched. It carries two types of payloads – navigation payload and ranging payload. This is the twelfth time "XL" configuration is being flown. IRNSS-1F carries Corner Cube Retroreflectors for laser ranging.[111] Launch initially scheduled for 10:30 was delayed by one minute to avoid space debris.[112] | ||||||||
| C33 | 28 April 2016 07:20 |
PSLV-XL | First | Template:Flagicon IRNSS-1G | 1425 kg | Template:Success | ||
| IRNSS-1G, last navigation satellite of the seven satellites constituting the IRNSS space segment launched. India's own navigational system, the set-up for which was completed will be called NAVIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation)[113][114][115][116][117] | ||||||||
| C34 | 22 June 2016 03:55 |
PSLV-XL | Second | Template:Flagicon Cartosat-2C Template:Flagicon LAPAN-A3 Template:Flagicon BIROS Template:Flagicon SkySat Gen2-1 Template:Flagicon GHGSat-D Template:Flagicon M3MSat Template:Flagicon Swayam Template:Flagicon SathyabamaSat Template:Flagicon 12 × Flock-2P Dove (satellite) |
727.5 kg 120 kg 130 kg 110 kg 25.5 kg 85 kg 1 kg 1.5 kg 12 × 4.7 kg |
Template:Success | ||
| ISRO's Cartosat-2C and 19 other satellites launched.[118][119][120][121][122][123] | ||||||||
| C35 | 26 September 2016 03:42 |
PSLV-G | First | Template:Flagicon ScatSat-1 Template:Flagicon ALSAT-2B Template:Flagicon ALSAT-1B Template:Flagicon Pathfinder-1 Template:Flagicon Pratham Template:Flagicon CanX-7 (NLS-19)[124] Template:Flagicon ALSAT-1N Template:Flagicon PISat |
371 kg 117 kg 103 kg 44 kg 10 kg 8 kg 7 kg 5.25 kg |
Template:Success | ||
| ISRO's longest PSLV satellite launch mission. First mission of PSLV in which it launched its payloads into two different orbits.[125][126][127][128][129][130] | ||||||||
| C36 | 7 December 2016 04:55 |
PSLV-XL | First | Template:Flagicon Resourcesat-2A | 1235 kg | Template:Success | ||
| [131][132][133][134][135][136] | ||||||||
2017 | ||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
| C37 | 15 February 2017 03:58 |
PSLV-XL | First | Template:Flagicon Cartosat-2D Template:Flagicon INS-1A Template:Flagicon INS-1B Template:Flagicon Nayif-1 CubeSats Template:Flagicon Al Farabi-1 Template:Flagicon PEASSS Template:Flagicon BGUSAT Template:Flagicon DIDO-2 Template:Flagicon Doves Flock-3P Template:Flagicon Lemur-2 |
730 kg 8.4 kg 9.7 kg 1.1 kg 1.7 kg 3 kg 4.3 kg 4.2 kg 4.7 kg x 88 4.6 kg x 8 |
Template:Success | ||
| PSLV-C37 successfully carried and deployed a record 104 satellites in the sun-synchronous orbit.[137][138][139][140][141][142] | ||||||||
| C38 | 23 June 2017 03:59 [143][144] |
PSLV-XL | First | Template:Flagicon Cartosat-2E[145] Template:Flagicon NIUSAT[146] Template:Flagicon CESAT-1[147] Template:Flagicon Lemur-2 × 8 Template:Flagicon, Template:Flagicon, Template:Flagicon Blue, Red, Green Diamonds Template:Flagicon, Template:Flagicon Max Valier Sat[148] Template:Flagicon Venta-1 Template:Flagicon D-Sat[149] Template:Flagicon Aalto-1 Template:Flagicon COMPASS-2/Dragsail QB50 Template:Flagicon InflateSail QB50 Template:Flagicon URSA MAIOR QB50 Template:Flagicon LituanicaSAT-2 QB50 Template:Flagicon PEGASUS QB50 Template:Flagicon NUDTSat QB50 Template:Flagicon VZLUSAT1 QB50 Template:Flagicon UCLSat QB50 Template:Flagicon SUCHAI Template:Flagicon ROBUSTA-1B Template:Flagicon skCUBE Template:Flagicon CICERO-6 Template:Flagicon Tyvak-53b (PacSciSat[150]) Template:Flagicon KickSat Sprites × 6 (All flown with Venta-1 and Max Valier Sat) |
727 kg 15 kg 60 kg 4 kg x 8 18 kg 15 kg 7.5 kg 4.5 kg 4 kg 4 kg 4 kg 3 kg 4 kg 2 kg 2 kg 2 kg 2 kg 1 kg 1 kg 1 kg ? kg ? kg |
Template:Success | ||
| Post mission PSLV fourth stage (PS4) was lowered to 350 km altitude and carried Ionization Density and Electric field Analyzer (IDEA) payload by Space Physics Laboratory to measure electron density and electric field measurements in the F region of the ionosphere[151][152][153][154][155][156] | ||||||||
| C39 | 31 August 2017 13:30[157][158][159] |
PSLV-XL | Second | Template:Flagicon IRNSS-1H | 1425 kg | Template:Failure | ||
| Payload fairing (heat shield) failed to separate, causing the satellite to remain inside the fairing with the payload dispenser detaching the satellite internally. Second PSLV failure in 24 years, the first one being PSLV-D1.[160][161][162][163] | ||||||||
2018 | ||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
| C40 | 12 January 2018 03:59 |
PSLV-XL | First | Template:Flagicon Cartosat-2F[164] Template:Flagicon MICROSAT-TD Template:Flagicon INS-1C[165] Template:Flagicon LEO-1[166] Template:Flagicon Carbonite-2 aka (VividX2) Template:Flagicon ICEYE X1 Template:Flagicon Landmapper-BC3 Template:Flagicon Arkyd 6A Template:Flagicon CICERO-7 Template:Flagicon 4 x Doves Flock-3p'[167] Template:Flagicon 4 x Lemur-2[168] Template:Flagicon PicSat Template:Flagicon SIGMA (KHUSAT-03)[169] Template:Flagicon CANYVAL-X (Tom and Jerry) Template:Flagicon CNUSail 1 Template:Flagicon KAUSAT 5 Template:Flagicon STEP Cube Lab Template:Flagicon MicroMAS-2 Template:Flagicon Fox-1D Template:Flagicon 4 x SpaceBEE[170] Template:Flagicon Tyvak-61C (GeoStare)[171] Template:Flagicon DemoSat-2 |
710 kg ~120 kg 11 kg 168 kg 100 kg ?? kg 10 kg 10 kg 10 kg 4 x ?? kg 4 x ?? kg 3.5 kg 3.8 kg 4 kg 4 kg 3.2 kg 1 kg 3.8 kg 1.5 kg 1.27 kg 4 kg ? kg |
Template:Success | ||
| [172][173][174][175][176][177][178] | ||||||||
| C41 | 11 April 2018 22:34 |
PSLV-XL | First | Template:Flagicon IRNSS-1I | ~1425 kg | sub GTO | Template:Success | |
| [179][180][181][182][183][184][185][186] | ||||||||
| C42 | 16 September 2018 16:38 |
PSLV-CA | First | Template:Flagicon NovaSAR-S (445 kg) Template:Flagicon SSTL S1-4 (444 kg) |
889 kg | Low Earth | SSTL | Template:Success |
| [187][188][189][190][191][192] | ||||||||
| C43 | 29 November 2018 04:28 |
PSLV-CA | First | Template:Flagicon HySIS[193] Template:Flagicon Doves × 16 (Flock 3r) Template:Flagicon Global-1 Template:Flagicon Lemur-2 × 4 Template:Flagicon HSAT-1 Template:Flagicon CICERO-8 Template:Flagicon Hiber-1 Template:Flagicon FACSAT-1 Template:Flagicon Innosat-2 Template:Flagicon Centauri-1 Template:Flagicon CASE Template:Flagicon Reaktor Hello World Template:Flagicon ³Cat-1 |
380 kg 16 x ?? kg 55 kg 4 x ?? kg 13 kg 10 kg ?? kg ?? kg 4 kg ?? ?? ?? 1.2 kg Total=641.5 kg |
Low Earth | Template:Success | |
| [194][195][196][197][198][199][200][201][202][203] | ||||||||
2019 | ||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
| C44 | 25 January 2019 18:07 |
PSLV-DL | First | Template:Flagicon Microsat-R Template:Flagicon Kalamsat V2 (attached to PS4) |
740 kg 1.2 kg |
Low Earth | DRDO Space Kidz |
Template:Success |
| First flight of PSLV-DL variant. Propellant tank on fourth stage (PS4) made out of Aluminum alloy instead of Ti-6Al-4V.[204][205][206][207][208][209][210][211] | ||||||||
| C45 | 1 April 2019 03:57 |
PSLV-QL | Second | Template:Flagicon EMISAT Template:Flagicon Doves × 20 (Flock 4a) Template:Flagicon Lemur-2 × 4 Template:Flagicon M6P Template:Flagicon BlueWalker1 Template:Flagicon Aistechsat-3 Template:Flagicon Astrocast-2 Template:Flagicon ExseedSat-2 (attached to PS4) Template:Flagicon ARIS 101F (attached to PS4)[212] Template:Flagicon ISRO AIS payload (attached to PS4) |
436 kg 5.7 kg each 5.2 kg each 6.8 kg 10 kg 2.3 kg 3.8 kg ? kg 10 kg ? kg |
Low Earth | DRDO | Template:Success |
| Flight C45. EMISAT (436 kg) and rideshares (220 kg)[213][214][215][216][217][218][219][220][221] | ||||||||
| C46 | 22 May 2019 00:00 |
PSLV-CA | First | Template:Flagicon RISAT-2B | 615 kg | Low Earth | Template:Success | |
| Flight C46. RISAT-2B [222][223][224][225][226][227][228] | ||||||||
| C47 | 27 November 2019 03:58 |
PSLV-XL | Second | Template:Flagicon Cartosat-3 Template:Flagicon Meshbed[229] Template:Flagicon SuperDoves × 12 (Flock 4p) |
1,625 kg 4.5 kg ? kg |
Low Earth | Template:Success | |
| Semi-Conductor Laboratory fabricated Vikram 1601 processor used for first time in navigation computer of launch vehicle[230] after being test flown in redundant configuration[231] on PSLV C46 mission.[232][233][234] | ||||||||
| C48 | 11 December 2019 09:55 |
PSLV-QL | First | Template:Flagicon RISAT-2BR1 Template:Flagicon QPS SAR-1 "Izanagi"「イザナギ」[235] Template:Flagicon Lemur-2 × 4 [236] Template:Flagicon Duchifat-3 [237] Template:Flagicon 1HOPSAT[238] Template:Flagicon Tyvak-0129 [238][239] Template:Flagicon Tyvak-0092 (COMMTRAIL/NANOVA)[238][240][241] |
628 kg ~100 kg ? kg 2.3 kg 22 kg 11 kg 5 kg |
Low Earth | Template:Success | |
| Flight C48 - 50th Flight of PSLV.[222][224][242][243][244] | ||||||||
2020 | ||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
| C49 | 7 November 2020 09:42 |
PSLV-DL | First | Template:Flagicon EOS-01 (formerly RISAT-2BR2) Template:Flagicon Lemur-2 × 4 Template:Flagicon KSM-1A, 1B, 1C, 1D Template:Flagicon R2 |
630 kg [245] ? ? ? |
Low Earth | Template:Success | |
| Second flight of PSLV-DL variant.[222][223][224][246][247][248][249][250][251] | ||||||||
| C50 | 17 December 2020 10:11 |
PSLV-XL | Second | Template:Flagicon GSAT-12R (CMS-1) | 1425 kg[252] | sub GTO | ISRO | Template:Success |
| [253][254][255][256][257] | ||||||||
2021 | ||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
| C51 | 28 February 2021 04:54 |
PSLV-DL | First | Template:Flagicon Amazônia-1 Template:Flagicon Satish Dhawan Sat Template:Flagicon SpaceBEE (×12) Template:Flagicon Template:FlagiconSAI-1 Nanoconnect-2 Template:Flagicon SindhuNetra Template:Flagicon UNITYSats (x3) |
637 kg 1.9 kg ~4 kg x 12 N/A 10 kg N/A |
Low Earth | Template:Success | |
| Flight C51.[36][258][259][260][261][262][263] | ||||||||
2022 | ||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
| C52 | 14 Feb 2022 00:29 |
PSLV-XL | First | Template:Flagicon EOS-4/RISAT-1ATemplate:Line breakTemplate:Flagicon Template:Flagicon Template:Flagicon INSPIRESat-1Template:Line breakTemplate:Flagicon Template:Flagicon INS-2TD | 1710 kg 8.7 kg 17.5 kg |
Low Earth | ISRO | Template:Success |
| Flight C52, RISAT-1A satellite for Earth observation[224][264][265][266][267][268] | ||||||||
| C53 | 30 June 2022 12:32[269] |
PSLV-CA | Second | Template:Flagicon DS-EOTemplate:Line breakTemplate:Flagicon NeuSARTemplate:Line breakTemplate:Flagicon SCOOB-ITemplate:Line breakTemplate:Flagicon 6 × smaller payloads (hosted on POEM-1) | 365 kg 155 kg 2.8 kg |
Low Earth | DSTA | Template:Success |
| Primary payload is DS-EO electro-optical satellite by Defence Science and Technology Agency with two other small satellites from Singapore to low Earth equatorial orbit.[270] It also carries the PSLV Orbital Experimental Module (POEM) that is attached to upper stage to carry in-orbit experiments and carries 6 hosted payloads. | ||||||||
| C54 | 26 November 2022 06:26[271][272] |
PSLV-XL | First | Template:Flagicon Oceansat-3/EOS-6Template:Line breakTemplate:FlagiconTemplate:Flagicon 4× Astrocast-2Template:Line breakTemplate:FlagiconTemplate:FlagiconBhutanSat (aka INS-2B)Template:Line breakTemplate:Flagicon Pixxel TD-1 Anand Template:Line breakTemplate:Flagicon Thybolt 1 & Thybolt 2 | 1117 kg 17.92 kg 18.28 kg 16.51 kg 1.45 kg |
Low Earth | ISRO | Template:Success |
| Flight C54.[264][273][274][275] | ||||||||
2023 | ||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
| C55 | 22 April 2023 08:50[276][277] |
PSLV-CA | First | Template:Flagicon TeLEOS-2 Template:Line breakTemplate:Flagicon Lumelite-4Template:Line breakTemplate:Flagicon 7 × smaller payloads (hosted on POEM-2) | 741 kg 16 kgTemplate:Line break |
Low Earth | DSTA | Template:Success |
| Flight C55, commercial launch by NSIL. First launch operation of a rocket partially assembled at PSLV Integration Facility (PIF)[278] First flight of PSLV-CA without Aerodynamic Stabiliser (AST) modules.[279][280] | ||||||||
Future launches
| Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Orbit | User |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 23 July 2023 02:15[281] |
PSLV-CA | First | Template:Flagicon DS-SAR | Low Earth | DSTA |
| Flight C56.[281] | |||||
| Aug-Sept 2023[282] | PSLV-XL | TBD | Template:Flagicon Aditya-L1 | Halo orbit | ISRO |
| Flight C57, solar coronal observation mission[283][284] | |||||
| 2023[281] | PSLV | TBD | Template:Flagicon ANVESHA[285] | Low Earth | DRDO |
| Flight C58. | |||||
| H2 2023[281] | PSLV | TBD | Template:Flagicon RISAT-1B | Low Earth | |
| Flight C60, follow on to RISAT-1A. | |||||
| 2023 | PSLV | TBD | Template:Flagicon TDS-01 | ISRO | |
| Technology Demonstrator Satellite 01 mission[286][287] | |||||
| 2023 | PSLV | TBD | Template:Flagicon XPoSat | ISRO | |
| X-ray Polarimeter Satellite[288] | |||||
| 2024[289] | PSLV-XL | TBD | Template:Flagicon PROBA-3 | Highly elliptical | European Space Agency |
| Proba-3 is a technology demonstration mission by the ESA for solar coronagraphy. | |||||
| 2024 | PSLV | TBD | Template:FlagiconTemplate:FlagiconTRISHNA | SSO | ISRO,CNES |
| The Trishna mission is designed to observe Earth’s surface in the thermal infrared domain.[290][291] | |||||
Gallery
-
PSLV - C54 Liffed off from Satish Dhawan Space Center's , First Launch Pad.
-
PSLV C53 Clears Second Launch Pad of Satish Dhawan Space Centre , Shriharikota
-
PSLV C52 lifting off from First Launch Pad
-
PSLV-C49 lift off
-
PSLV C45 ignition
-
Top view of PSLV C45
-
PSLV C48 RISAT-2BR1 lift-off from First Launch Pad
-
PSLV C11 lift off
-
PSLV C44 lift off
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 IRS-1E. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
- ↑ Space Yuga.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Space Craft Encyclopedia.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 PSLV-C2. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Current Science.
- ↑ The Indian Express.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Spaceref Asia: India's PSLV-C6 Successfully Launches Two Satellites.
- ↑ ISRO: PSLV C7.
- ↑ PSLV-C7 launch a success. The Hindu.
- ↑ PSLV puts 10 satellites in orbit. The Hindu. Retrieved 2013-02-28.
- ↑ PSLV-C9. Indian Space Research Organisation. Retrieved 2 November 2014.
- ↑ India's growing strides in space, Bagla, Pallava. BBC. Retrieved 2 November 2014.
- ↑ 10 Satellites Launched in Record Setting Mission for India (Video), Atkinson, Nancy. Universe Today. Retrieved 2 November 2014.
- ↑ ISRO's 100th mission: PSLV-C21 puts 2 foreign satellites in orbit. The Times of India. Retrieved 9 September 2012.
- ↑ Indian PSLV successfully launches SPOT-6 for France NASASpaceflight.com retrieved 12 Sep 2012
- ↑ Technical snag puts off satellite launch. Retrieved 2 June 2013.
- ↑ It is the Indian equivalent of the GPS satellite. Retrieved 14 June 2013.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 Template:Cite press release
- ↑ PSLV Successfully Launches Six Satellites from Singapore. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
- ↑ 20.0 20.1 ISRO Successfully Tests Multiple Burn Fuel Engine During Launch of Six Singaporean Satellites.
- ↑ PSLV-C34 / Cartosat 2 Series Mission Integration Video.
- ↑ PSLV C20/SARAL Gallery.
- ↑ PSLV Upper Stage Engines (PS4) successfully restarted in space.
- ↑ The Launch of PSLV-C34/Cartosat- 2 Series Satellite Mission. YouTube.
- ↑ IISU new director MV Dhekane to hold review meet for Navigation system updation.
- ↑ Ninth launch of PSLV-C36, ISRO ends year on a high. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
- ↑ NavIC receiver for Launch Vehicles. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
- ↑ ISRO end year on high note, Resourcesat-2A put into orbit.
- ↑ ISRO for 100% indigenous rocket technology soon, says chief.
- ↑ Indian rocket set to place 104 satellites in orbit, Clark, Stephen. Spaceflight Now. Retrieved 15 February 2017.
- ↑ Dnepr - 2014 Cluster Launch. Spaceflight101. Retrieved 16 April 2020.
- ↑ India's PSLV Rocket races into Orbit with 104 Satellites - a new World Record. spaceflight101.com. Retrieved 16 April 2020.
- ↑ Indian Rocket Marks Historic 50th Launch with Spy Satellite, Howell, Elizabeth. space.com. Retrieved 27 December 2019.
- ↑ Press Release - PSLV successfully launches RISAT-2BR1 and nine commercial satellites in its fiftieth flight. isro.gov.in. ISRO. Retrieved 27 December 2019.
- ↑ 2021 to be year of Chandrayaan-3, says FM, allocates Rs 4,000 cr for oceans. Business Standard.
- ↑ 36.0 36.1 PSLV-C51, the first dedicated launch by NSIL, successfully launches Amazonia-1 and 18 Co-passenger satellites from Sriharikota. Retrieved 28 February 2021.
- ↑ International reference guide to space launch systems, Fourth Edition, p. 334, Template:ISBN
- ↑ Front Line.
- ↑ India (SLV/ASLV/PSLV/GSLV) Flight History by Variant/Year (1979-2010), Kyle, Ed.
- ↑ 1 tonne of extra weight doomed PSLV mission. The Times of India. Retrieved 2 September 2017.
- ↑ PSLV-C39/IRNSS-1H Brochure. isro.gov.in. ISRO. Retrieved 2 September 2017.
- ↑ 39 successes later, PSLV launch fails. The Hindu. Retrieved 2019-08-22.
- ↑ Indian navigation satellite stranded on rocket after launch, Clark, Stephen. Spaceflight Now. Retrieved 2019-08-22.
- ↑ PSLV- The Travel Beyond the Blue! #ISRO #VikatanInfographic. vikatan.com. Retrieved 2017-02-20.
- ↑ IRS-P2. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
- ↑ IRS-P3
- ↑ IRS-1D. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
- ↑ Multi-Orbit Mission by PSLV-C3 and Future Launch Opportunities. Iaf Abstracts.
- ↑ PSLV-C3. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
- ↑ PSLV-C4. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
- ↑ International reference guide to space launch systems, Fourth Edition, p. 330, Template:ISBN
- ↑ PSLV-C4/METSAT Mission. isro.gov.in. Retrieved 20 February 2015.
- ↑ PSLV-C5. ISRO. Retrieved January 14, 2023.
- ↑ Frontline: A remote-sensing success. The Hindu.
- ↑ PSLV-C6/CARTOSAT-1/HAMSAT. Retrieved 12 April 2023.
- ↑ PSLV-C7Template:Dead link
- ↑ PSLV-C8 blasts off with Italian payload.
- ↑ First commercial launch of PSLV-C8 successful|newspaper=The Times of India
- ↑ PSLV-C10 Template:Webarchive
- ↑ NDTV - ISRO Launches Israeli Satellite.
- ↑ Delfi Space. www.delfic3.nl. Retrieved 2018-03-26.
- ↑ PSLV Rocket Launches 10 Satellites
- ↑ PSLV-C11. ISRO. Retrieved January 14, 2023.
- ↑ Chandrayaan-1 bound for Moon. Retrieved 3 April 2013.
- ↑ PSLV C12. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
- ↑ India launches spy satellite RISAT-2. IBNLive.
- ↑ Bharat-Rakshak.com - Indian Military News Headlines.
- ↑ ISRO - CUBESATS. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
- ↑ News Archives.
- ↑ Oceansat 2, 6 nanosats launched in 20 mins by ISRO. The Indian Express.
- ↑ Satnews Publishers: Daily Satellite News.
- ↑ First Turkish-Made Satellite Launched From India. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
- ↑ UTIAS Space Flight Laboratory.
- ↑ More info Template:Webarchive
- ↑ PSLV CA-C15 CountdownTemplate:Dead link
- ↑ Home - Norwegian Space Centre.
- ↑ NSSDC Master Catalog (Entry-ID: 2010-035E). NASA. Retrieved 1 May 2014. Template:PD-notice
- ↑ SUPSI Space Lab.
- ↑ ISRO to launch five satellites on July 12. Sify. Retrieved 2010-07-03.
- ↑ PSLV-C16 launch today. The Hindu. Retrieved 19 April 2011.
- ↑ PSLV-C17.
- ↑ ISRO-developed computer helped PSLV-C17 put satellite in orbit.
- ↑ Megha-Tropiques / PSLV-C18 scheduled for take off on 12 October 2011 at 11:00:00 ISTTemplate:Dead link
- ↑ VesselSat 1, 2, 3. Gunter's Space. Retrieved 2011-10-10.
- ↑ PSLV-C19 puts RISAT-1 in orbit.
- ↑ RISAT-1. Retrieved 2022-01-25.
- ↑ Isro prepares for historic 100th mission. The Times Of India.
- ↑ 100 missions of ISRO. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
- ↑ Indian rocket launches asteroid hunter, 6 other satellites. NBC News. Retrieved 25 February 2013.
- ↑ India to launch seven satellites on February 25. DNA India. Retrieved 17 February 2013.
- ↑ Smartphone nanosatellite Space researchers at the University of Surrey's Surrey Space Centre (SSC) and SSTL have developed STRaND-1 Template:Webarchive "SSTL.co.uk" retrieved 14 February 2012
- ↑ The Indian Herald. Retrieved 2018-03-26.
- ↑ India to launch Mars mission on 5 November 2013. Retrieved 2013-11-07.
- ↑ PSLV. Space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2013-11-07.
- ↑ Navigational satellite IRNSS 1-B launch set for March 31. The Indian Express. Retrieved 9 March 2014.
- ↑ PSLV C23 to lift-off on June 30 with five foreign satellites. Business Standard India. Retrieved 26 June 2014.
- ↑ Indian PSLV lofts IRNSS-1C satellite. Retrieved 16 October 2014.
- ↑ PSLV-C26/IRNSS-1C. Retrieved 16 October 2014.
- ↑ India's Fourth Navigational Satellite IRNSS-1D Launched From Sriharikota. Retrieved 28 March 2015.
- ↑ Isro successfully launches PSLV-C28 carrying 5 UK satellites, Raj, Manish. Retrieved 11 July 2015.
- ↑ PSLV C-28 launches five UK satellites, Jesudasan, Dennis S.. Retrieved 11 July 2015.
- ↑ ISRO makes history by launching five British satellites; India's heaviest commercial launch ever. Dnaindia.com.
- ↑ ASTROSAT, India's first astronomical mission, set for September 28 launch. Economic Times. Retrieved 25 October 2015.
- ↑ PSLV-C29 TeLEOS-1. Antrix. Retrieved January 14, 2023.
- ↑ Athenoxat-1,Night Vision Experiments in LEO. Retrieved 2 February 2019.
- ↑ ISRO to launch five satellites in December.
- ↑ SaRC fact sheet. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
- ↑ SHAR set to launch 2 satellites in March 2016.
- ↑ ISRO's RLV-TD Project Likely to be Delayed. The New Indian Express. Retrieved 2015-12-28.
- ↑ PSLV-C31/IRNSS-1E. isro.gov.in. ISRO. Retrieved 2016-01-12.
- ↑ PSLV-C32/IRNSS-1F. isro.gov.in. ISRO. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
- ↑ PSLV C32/ IRNSS 1F UPDATE: The launch time is revised to 16:01 hr (IST) for collision avoidance as per the space debris studies. Countdown status normal. isro.gov.in. ISRO. Retrieved 2016-03-16.
- ↑ ఈ ఏడాది ఆరు ప్రయోగాలు - Prajasakti::Telugu Daily. prajasakti.com.
- ↑ ISRO scientists in Ahmedabad uses 'spares' for weather satellite to save cost and time. The Indian Express. Retrieved 2016-02-04.
- ↑ నేడు పిఎస్ఎల్వి-సి32 కౌంట్డౌన్. prajasakti.com. Retrieved 2016-03-16.
- ↑ IRNSS full fleet could be a month late. The Hindu. Retrieved 2016-04-16.
- ↑ PSLV-C33/IRNSS-1G. isro.gov.in. ISRO. Retrieved 2016-04-20.
- ↑ PSLV-C34 CARTOSAT. ISRO. Retrieved January 14, 2023.
- ↑ ఈ ఏడాది మరో ఏడు ప్రయోగాలు. andhrajyothy.com. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
- ↑ ISRO to launch record 22 satellites in single mission in June.
- ↑ Satmaxvalier.
- ↑ PSLV-C34. Retrieved 16 June 2016.
- ↑ Mission Readiness Review (MRR) committee and Launch Authorisation Board (LAB) have cleared the 48 hr countdown starting at 09:26 IST on Monday, June 20, 2016 and the launch of PSLV-C34/Cartosat-2 Series Satellite Mission for Wednesday, 22 June 2016 at 09:26 IST. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
- ↑ CanX-7 (Canadian Advanced Nanospace eXperiment-7).
- ↑ రెండు ప్రయోగాలకు సిద్ధమవుతోన్న ఇస్రో.
- ↑ సెప్టెంబర్లో షార్ నుండి రెండు ప్రయోగాలు.
- ↑ ISRO to launch 5 satellites in Septemeber [sic].
- ↑ SCATSAT-1. space.skyrocket.de.
- ↑ IIT-B's feat: Mumbai's first satellite to lift off on September 26.
- ↑ PSLV-C35 Successfully Launches Eight Satellites into Two Different Orbits in a Single Flight. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
- ↑ Noorul Islam University bets big on NIUSAT.
- ↑ Resourcesat-2A launch on November 28.
- ↑ డిసెంబర్ 7న పీఎస్ఎల్వీ ప్రయోగం.
- ↑ డిసెంబర్ 7న మరో ఉపగ్రహ ప్రయోగం.
- ↑ PSLV C36/ Resourcesat-2A. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
- ↑ PSLV C36 / Resourcesat-2A Brochure. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
- ↑ ISRO to launch record 103 satellites in one go in February.
- ↑ ISRO centres set for the record launch of 104 satellites at one go by February 15.
- ↑ పీఎస్ఎల్వీ సీ–37 ప్రయోగ సమయం మార్పు.
- ↑ పీఎస్ఎల్వీ సి-37 ప్రయోగ సమయం మార్పు.
- ↑ ISRO to launch record 83 satellites in one go in January. Indian Express(27 December 2016). Retrieved 2016-12-27.
- ↑ Nayif-1 nanosatellite to launch this month(14 September 2020).
- ↑ ISRO sets focus on PSLV-C38 launch by June 28. The Times of India.
- ↑ ISRO to launch 'Cartosat 2E' on board PSLV-C38 on June 23.
- ↑ ISRO set to raise nation's pride with five missions. The New Indian Express. Retrieved 20 March 2017.
- ↑ Cartosat-2 Series follow on satellite and Student Satellite NIUSAT flagged off from ISRO Satellite Centre to SDSC-SHAR Launchpad on 09th June 2017.
- ↑ Canon Satellite.
- ↑ Max Valier Satellite.
- ↑ D-Sat.
- ↑ PacSci EMC Announces PACSCISAT Launch.
- ↑ Global interest in PSLV soars.
- ↑ SpaceWatchME Interviews: Meidad Pariente of Sky and Space Global.
- ↑ Sky and Space Global confirms satellite launch schedule.
- ↑ మే 25న పీఎస్ఎల్వీ-సి38 రాకెట్ ప్రయోగం.
- ↑ ISILaunch19 mission patch and payloads.
- ↑ Space Physics Laboratory Annual Report 2016-17. Retrieved 23 October 2017.
- ↑ ISRO to launch back up navigation satellite on August 31. The New Indian Express. Retrieved 2017-08-21.
- ↑ PSLV-C39/IRNSS-1H Mission is scheduled to be launched on August 31, 2017 at 18:59 from SDSC SHAR, Sriharikota. isro.gov.in. ISRO. Retrieved 2017-08-23.
- ↑ Mission Readiness Review (MRR) committee and Launch Authorisation Board (LAB) have cleared the 29hr countdown of PSLV-C39/ IRNSS-1H Satellite mission for Wednesday, August 30, 2017 starting at 14:00 IST, the launch of PSLV-C39/IRNSS-1H Satellite mission for Thursday, August 31, 2017 at 19:00 IST. isro.gov.in.
- ↑ PSLV, Krebs, Gunter. Retrieved 30 November 2016.
- ↑ Q.no.1112 Ans:08.02.2017. LokSabha Questions. Retrieved 12 February 2017.
- ↑ IRNSS-1H launch from Sriharikota unsuccessful. Retrieved 31 August 2017.
- ↑ IRNSS-1H launch LIVE UPDATES: Mission unsuccessful, says ISRO chief. Retrieved 31 August 2017.
- ↑ Cartosat-2F. Retrieved 30 November 2017.
- ↑ Indian Nano satellite -platform for payloads from ISRO & Universities.
- ↑ SSTL ships CARBONITE-2 and Telesat's LEO-1 for PSLV launch.
- ↑ Planet to fly four Dove satellites on ISRO's PSLV-C40. www.planet.com. Retrieved 2017-11-29.
- ↑ SPACEFLIGHT PREPARES TO LAUNCH ELEVEN SPACECRAFT ON INDIA'S PSLV-C40(4 December 2017). Retrieved 5 December 2017.
- ↑ SIGMA(KHUSAT-03). khusat.khu.ac.kr. Retrieved 2018-01-10.
- ↑ SWARM Orbital Debris Assessment Report, Spangelo, Sara. fcc.gov. Retrieved 1 February 2019. Template:PD-notice
- ↑ GeoStare. space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2019-12-11.
- ↑ It's business as usual for PSLV. The Hindu. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
- ↑ Enabling Spacecraft Systems Realization through Industries (ESSRI-2017). isac.gov.in. ISRO. Retrieved 4 August 2017.
- ↑ Improved PSLV on track to blast off next month. Retrieved 2017-12-19.
- ↑ India to launch 31 satellites on January 10. Retrieved 2017-12-31.
- ↑ ISRO's baby rocket to carry small satellites, likely to take off in 2019. Retrieved 2018-01-02.
- ↑ NovaSAR has actually been bumped from this flight. It will go later in the year, Amos, Jonathan. @BBCAmos. Retrieved 2018-01-08.
- ↑ PSLV-C40 / Cartosat-2 Series Satellite Brochure. isro.gov.in. Retrieved 11 January 2018.
- ↑ Isro will resume sat launches only from first week of 2018. Retrieved 19 December 2017.
- ↑ S Somnath takes charge as Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre's director. The Times of India. Retrieved 2018-01-22.
- ↑ ISRO Readying for a Number of Launches.
- ↑ మార్చి 15కు జీఎస్ఎల్వీ ఎఫ్–08 వాయిదా. Retrieved 2018-02-06.
- ↑ ISRO to launch another IRNSS satellite in April. The Hindu. Retrieved 2018-02-28.
- ↑ Isro gears up to launch 2 satellites before Chandrayaan-2 mission. The Times of India. Retrieved 2018-03-05.
- ↑ జీఎస్ఎల్వీ-ఎఫ్08 రాకెట్ ప్రయోగం. andhrabhoomi.net. Retrieved 2018-03-14.
- ↑ PSLV-C41/IRNSS-1I. isro.gov.in. Retrieved 2018-04-06.
- ↑ PSLV-C42 Mission. Retrieved 12 September 2018.
- ↑ Critical Technologies For Human Space Mission On Track, Says ISRO. Retrieved 13 August 2018.
- ↑ Press Conference by Union Minister Dr Jitendra Singh on issues related to Department of Space.
- ↑ The countdown begun today at 13:08 (IST) for the launch of PSLV C42 from Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota. The scheduled launch is at 22:08 (IST) tomorrow. isro.gov.in. ISRO. Retrieved 2018-09-15.
- ↑ NovaSAR-S - eoPortal Directory - Satellite Missions. directory.eoportal.org. Retrieved 2018-08-13.
- ↑ SSTL S1-4. Retrieved 13 August 2018.
- ↑ Small Satellite Programme @ ISRO Global Markets/ National Requirements.
- ↑ PSLV C43 / HySIS press kit. isro.gov.in. Retrieved 26 November 2018.
- ↑ Two satellites per month: ISRO's plan hits hurdle. The New Indian Express.
- ↑ షార్ నుంచి వచ్చేనెలలో మరో రెండు ప్రయోగాలు. andhrabhoomi.net. Retrieved 2018-10-27.
- ↑ ISRO lines up 3 rocket launches in two months. The Times of India. Retrieved 2018-11-07.
- ↑ 29న పీఎస్ఎల్వీ-సీ 43 రాకెట్ ప్రయోగం. ftp.andhrabhoomi.net. Retrieved 2018-11-18.
- ↑ 29న పీఎస్ఎల్వీ-సీ43 ప్రయోగం. Retrieved 2018-11-22.
- ↑ ISRO to launch hyperspectral imaging sat with 30 foreign satellites on 29 November 2018. The Times of India. Retrieved 2018-11-25.
- ↑ PSLV-C43 / HysIS Mission. Retrieved 2018-11-26.
- ↑ The countdown for the launch of PSLV-C43 / HysIS Mission from Satish Dhawan Space Centre SHAR, Sriharikota is tentatively scheduled at 05:57 IST on 28 November 2018. The launch is tentatively scheduled at 09:57 IST on 29 November 2018. isro.gov.in. Retrieved 2018-11-27.
- ↑ PSLV-C43 lift off time is rescheduled to 09:58 IST on 29 November 2018. Countdown will commence from 05:58 IST on 28 November 2018. isro.gov.in. Retrieved 2018-11-27.
- ↑ ISRO opens new year launching satellite for DRDO and a student satellite. easternmirrornagaland.com. Retrieved 2019-01-25.
- ↑ In a first, ISRO will make dead rocket stage 'alive' in space for experiments. Retrieved 14 December 2018.
- ↑ ISRO to design fourth stage rockets that stay "alive" for experiments months after launch. Retrieved 14 December 2018.
- ↑ ISRO readies for a busy 2019. The Hindu. Retrieved 3 January 2019.
- ↑ 24న నింగిలోకి పీఎస్ఎల్వీ-సీ. andhrabhoomi.net. Retrieved 2019-01-14.
- ↑ PSLV-C44. ISRO. Retrieved 2019-01-16.
- ↑ ISRO's PSLV C44 rocket successfully places Microsat-R and Kalamsat into Earth's orbit- Technology News, Firstpost. firstpost.com. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
- ↑ PSLV-C44 successfully launched Microsat-R and Kalamsat-V2. isro.gov.in. ISRO. Retrieved 2019-01-25.
- ↑ R. Sudharshan Kaarthik.
- ↑ ISRO To Launch Defence Satellite In March For Defence Research Body. ndtv.com. Retrieved 2019-03-07.
- ↑ ISRO set for first three-orbit mission of PSLV-C45 on March 14. The Times of India. Retrieved 2019-02-15.
- ↑ First Up for 2019: PSLV Launch of 20 Next Generation Doves. Retrieved 2019-03-07.
- ↑ ISRO Chief K. Sivan Addresses the media on #Chandrayaan2 mission updates.
- ↑ Isro set for next PSLV-C45 launch on April 1. The Times of India. Retrieved 2019-03-15.
- ↑ Launch Kit C45. ISRO. Retrieved 23 March 2019.
- ↑ The countdown for the launch of PSLV-C45 mission commenced today at 06:27 (IST) from Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC) SHAR, Sriharikota. The launch is scheduled at 09:27 IST on 1st April 2019. isro.gov.in. ISRO. Retrieved 2019-03-31.
- ↑ exseed sat 2. exseedspace.com. Retrieved 2019-03-31.
- ↑ Indian military satellite, 20 more Planet imaging CubeSats launched by PSLV, Clark, Stephen. Spaceflight Now. Retrieved 2019-04-01.
- ↑ 222.0 222.1 222.2 Ahead of next PSLV-C45 mission, GSAT-31 set for launch on February 6. Retrieved 30 January 2019.
- ↑ 223.0 223.1 INDIAN LAUNCH MANIFEST (2 Apr 2019). Retrieved 2 April 2019.
- ↑ 224.0 224.1 224.2 224.3 Starting May, ISRO to launch a string of "defence" satellites. The Hindu. Retrieved 2 April 2019.
- ↑ ISRO plans to launch radar imaging satellite in May. outlookindia.com. Retrieved 2019-04-30.
- ↑ PSLV-C46 mission on 22nd May 2019 from Satish Dhawan Space Centre SHAR. isro.gov.in. ISRO. Retrieved 2019-05-11.
- ↑ PSLV C46 / RISAT-2B launch kit. ISRO. Retrieved 17 May 2019.
- ↑ The countdown for the launch of PSLV-C46 mission commenced today at 04:30 (IST) from Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC) SHAR, Sriharikota. The launch is scheduled at 05:30 IST on May 22, 2019. isro.gov.in. ISRO. Retrieved 2019-05-21.
- ↑ Meshbed Satellite Technical Description. Template:PD-notice
- ↑ Why ISRO's Cartosat-3 is most complex and advanced satellite India has built, Ramesh, Sandhya. theprint.in. Retrieved 2019-11-28.
- ↑ PSLV-C46 successfully launches RISAT-2B. isro.gov.in. ISRO. Retrieved 2019-11-28.
- ↑ PSLV-C47 / Cartosat-3 Mission. isro.gov.in. ISRO. Retrieved 2019-11-18.
- ↑ The launch of PSLV-C27 delayed. ISRO. Retrieved 21 November 2019.
- ↑ Press Release - PSLV-C47 successfully launches Cartosat-3 and 13 Commercial nanosatellites into Sun Synchronous Polar Orbit. isro.gov.in. ISRO. Retrieved 2019-11-28.
- ↑ 12月12日(木)小型SAR衛星「イザナギ」との初交信が成功しました!. iQPS Inc.. Retrieved 2019-12-12.
- ↑ Spaceflight Announces Next Three Rideshare Missions on ISRO's PSLV, Slated Through the End of 2019. spaceflight.com. Retrieved 2019-11-29.
- ↑ הלוויין דוכיפת 3 ישוגר בעוד כשבועיים מהודו. הידען. Retrieved 2019-12-01.
- ↑ 238.0 238.1 238.2 PSLV C48 Press kit. Retrieved 5 December 2019.
- ↑ Pathfinder Risk Reduction (Tyvak 0129). space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2019-12-18.
- ↑ אלביט שיגרה לחלל ננו-לוויין ליישומי תקשורת. www.israeldefense.co.il. Retrieved 2019-12-18.
- ↑ Commtrail (Tyvak 0092). space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2019-12-11.
- ↑ ISRO launches to resume in October: Sivan. The Hindu. Retrieved 2019-09-11.
- ↑ పీఎస్ఎల్వీ-సి48 ప్రయోగం 11న. eenadu.net. Retrieved 2019-11-29.
- ↑ PSLV-C48/RISAT-2BR1. ISRO. Retrieved 4 December 2019.
- ↑ Indian PSLV deploys 10 satellites in first launch since start of pandemic, Clark, Stephen. Spaceflight Now. Retrieved 7 November 2020.
- ↑ भारत के दुश्मनों की कलाई पर बंधी घड़ी का समय भी बता देगा ISRO का ये सैटेलाइट. Retrieved 24 July 2019.
- ↑ ISRO to launch another 'eye in the sky' Risat-2BR1 on 11 December 2019, will help boost border surveillance. The Times of India. Retrieved 2019-12-02.
- ↑ 5న జీఎస్ఎల్వీ-ఎఫ్ 10 ప్రయోగం. eenadu.net. Retrieved 2020-02-19.
- ↑ ఇస్రో కీలక నిర్ణయం త్వరలోనే షార్ నుంచి రాకెట్. telugu.news18.com. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
- ↑ PSLV C49 brochure. ISRO. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
- ↑ PSLV successfully launches EOS-01 and nine customer satellites from Sriharikota. Retrieved 7 November 2020.
- ↑ Template:Cite AV media
- ↑ Launch Schedule. Spaceflight Now. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
- ↑ రష్యా ఉపగ్రహ సమీపాన కార్టోశాట్. eenadu.net. Retrieved 2020-11-29.
- ↑ 17న పీఎస్ఎల్వీ ప్రయోగం. eenadu.net. Retrieved 2020-12-09.
- ↑ PSLV-C50/CMS-01. isro.gov.in. ISRO. Retrieved 2020-12-11.
- ↑ ISRO gearing up for rocket launches with Virtual Launch Control Centre.
- ↑ Amazonia-1 será lanzado en 2020. Retrieved 11 May 2018.
- ↑ India-Brazil Space Cooperation: South American nation to track ISRO's Chandrayaan-3 and Gaganyaan missions. The Financial Express. Retrieved 23 January 2020.
- ↑ Satélite Amazônia-1 começa a ser fechado para a realização de testes ambientais. inpe.br. Retrieved 23 February 2020.
- ↑ Satélite de monitoramento da Amazônia deverá ser lançado em fevereiro. Governo do Brasil. Retrieved 26 July 2020.
- ↑ ISRO to kick off 2021 by launching its first Indian start-up passenger into space aboard the PSLV-C51.
- ↑ PSLV-C51 is scheduled to launch Amazonia-1 and 20 Co-passenger satellites on February 28, 2021 from Satish Dhawan Space Centre SHAR. ISRO. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
- ↑ 264.0 264.1 Isro aims for 7 more launches from India in 2021.
- ↑ Taiwan and India cooperate on January CubeSat launch. Taiwan News. Retrieved 2021-12-20.
- ↑ The INSPIRESat-1: Mission, science, and engineering. Advances in Space Research.
- ↑ PSLV C52 / EOS-04 Mission.
- ↑ Successful launch of PSLV-C52 with EOS-04 Satellite - ISRO. www.isro.gov.in. Retrieved 2022-02-14.
- ↑ India launches PSLV-C53 mission, demonstrating new on-orbit capabilities, Kanayama, Lee. Retrieved 1 July 2022.
- ↑ PSLV-C53/DS-EO - ISRO. www.isro.gov.in. Retrieved 2022-06-22.
- ↑ Template:Cite tweet
- ↑ SPACE THEME PARK. lvg.shar.gov.in. Retrieved 2022-11-18.
- ↑ February 2020. ioccg.org. Retrieved 2020-01-31.
- ↑ Monthly Summary of Department of Space for the month of May 2022.
- ↑ PSLV-C54/EOS-06 Mission. www.isro.gov.in. Retrieved 2022-11-26.
- ↑ SPACE THEME PARK. web.archive.org. Retrieved 2023-04-17.
- ↑ ISRO launches PSLV with Singaporean satellites. NASASpaceFlight.com. Retrieved 2023-04-22.
- ↑ Monthly Summary of Department of space for the month of February 2023.
- ↑ Template:Cite AV media
- ↑ PSLV-C55/TeLEOS-2 Mission.
- ↑ 281.0 281.1 281.2 281.3 Government of India, Department of Space: Lok Sabha, Unstarred question number 4702.
- ↑ Crowded July-Aug for Isro with Chandrayaan-3, PSLV & Gaganyaan abort missions; Aditya-L1 aimed for Aug-Sept. The Times of India. Retrieved 2023-05-24.
- ↑ 'India's first solar mission likely to launch next year': ISRO, Dutt, Anonna. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
- ↑ Questions in the Lok Sabha (AU2587). Retrieved 18 September 2021.
- ↑ 500 किमी ऊपर सेटेलाइट से अब होगा अचूक वार, आइआरडीई तैयार कर रहा इमेजिंग पेलोड. Dainik Jagran. Retrieved 2023-03-30.
- ↑ Gaganyaan manned mission not before 2023: Minister, Singh, Surendra. The Times of India. Retrieved 2022-02-06.
- ↑ The Fourth State, Issue 103 February 2022.
- ↑ Loksabha Q&A. DEPARTMENT OF SPACE.
- ↑ Proba-3 complete: Formation-flying satellites fully integrated. Retrieved 28 March 2023.
- ↑ Packed 2022: Isro looks to make progress in Disha, Trishna, Venus missions. The Times of India. Retrieved 2023-04-28.
- ↑ Trishna. Trishna. Retrieved 2023-04-28.
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