1989 Indian general election in Kerala

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Template:Infobox election The 1989 Indian general election were held to elect 20 members to the ninth Lok Sabha from Kerala.[1] Indian National Congress (INC)-led United Democratic Front (UDF) won 17 seats while Left Democratic Front (LDF), led by Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) won the remaining 3 seats.[2] Turnout for the election was at 79.30%[3] In the Lok Sabha, INC won plurality of seats, however Janata Dal (JD), led by V. P. Singh formed the government, albeit a short-lived one, with support from BJP and CPI(M).

Alliances and parties

UDF is a Kerala legislative alliance formed by INC veteran K. Karunakaran. LDF comprises primarily of CPI(M) and the CPI, forming the Left Front in the national level. Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) contested in 19 seats.[4]

United Democratic Front

No. Party Election Symbol Seats contested
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Party color;color:white" |1. Indian National Congress File:Hand INC.svg 17
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Party color;color:white" |2. Indian Union Muslim League File:Indian Election Symbol Lader.svg 2
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Party color;color:white" |3. Kerala Congress (M) File:Indian Election Symbol Two Leaves.svg 1

Left Democratic Front

No. Party Election Symbol Seats contested
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Party color;color:white" |1. Communist Party of India (Marxist)
Key
Key
 10
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Party color;color:white" |2. Communist Party of India
Star
Star
 3
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Party color;color:black" |3. Indian Congress (Socialist) - Sarat Chandra Singha File:Blank.svg 1
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Party color;color:black" |4. Independents File:Blank.svg 3
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Party color;color:white" |5. Janata Dal File:Janata Dal symbol.svg 1
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Party color;color:white" |6. Revolutionary Socialist Party File:Indian Election Symbol Spade and Stoker.png 1
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Party color;color:black" |7. Kerala Congress File:Indian Election Symbol Cycle.png 1

Bharatiya Janata Party

No. Party Election Symbol Seats contested
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Party color" |1. Bharatiya Janata Party File:Lotos flower symbol.svg 19

List of Candidates

Constituency colspan="3" style="background:Template:Party color" |UDF colspan="3" style="background:Template:Party color" |LDF colspan="3" style="background:Template:Party color" |BJP
No. Name Party Candidate Party Candidate Party Candidate
1 Kasaragod Template:Party name with color I. Rama Rai Template:Party name with color Ramanna Rai Template:Party name with color C. K. Padmanabhan
2 Cannanore Template:Party name with color Mullappally Ramachandran Template:Party name with color P. Sasi Template:Party name with color Palliyara Raman
3 Badagara Template:Party name with color A. Sujanapal Template:Party name with color K. P. Unnikrishnan Template:Party name with color P. K. Krishnadas
4 Calicut Template:Party name with color K. Muraleedharan Template:Party name with color E. K. Imbichibava Template:Party name with color P. S. Sreedharan Pillai
5 Manjeri Template:Party name with color Ebrahim Sulaiman Sait Template:Party name with color K. V. Salahuddin Template:Party name with color Ahalya Sankar
6 Ponnani Template:Party name with color G. M. Banatwala Template:Party name with color M. Rahmathulia Template:Party name with color Janachandran Master
7 Palghat Template:Party name with color V. S. Vijayaraghavan Template:Party name with color A. Vijayaraghavan Template:Party name with color T. Chandrasekharan
8 Ottapalam (SC) Template:Party name with color K. R. Narayanan Template:Party name with color Lenin Rajendran Template:Party name with color Lakshmanan
9 Trichur Template:Party name with color P. A. Antony Template:Party name with color Meenakshi Thampan Template:Party name with color K. V. Sreedharan Master
10 Mukundapuram Template:Party name with color Savithri Lakshmanan Template:Party name with color C. O. Poulose Master Template:Party name with color K. K. Gangadharan Master
11 Ernakulam Template:Party name with color K. V. Thomas Template:Party name with color Padmanabhan Subramanian Poti Template:Party name with color A. N. Radhakrishnan
12 Muvattupuzha Template:Party name with color P. C. Thomas Template:Party name with color P. J. Joseph Template:Party name with color P. J. Thomas
13 Kottayam Template:Party name with color Ramesh Chennithala Template:Party name with color K. Suresh Kurup Template:Party name with color Ettumanoor Radhakrishnan
14 Idukki Template:Party name with color Palai K. M. Mathew Template:Party name with color M. C. Josephine Template:Party name with color M. N. Jayachandran
15 Alleppey Template:Party name with color Vakkom Purushothaman Template:Party name with color K. V. Devadas Template:Party name with color K. D. Ramakrishnan
16 Mavelikara Template:Party name with color P. J. Kurien Template:Party name with color Thampan Thomas Template:Party name with color Prathapachandra Verma
17 Adoor (SC) Template:Party name with color Kodikunnil Suresh Template:Party name with color N. Rajan Template:Party name with color E. K. Sasidharan
18 Quilon Template:Party name with color S. Krishna Kumar Template:Party name with color Babu Divakaran Template:Party name with color P. K. S. Rajeev
19 Chirayinkil Template:Party name with color Thalekunnil Basheer Template:Party name with color Susheela Gopalan Template:Party name with color V. N. Gopalakrishnan Nair
20 Trivandrum Template:Party name with color A. Charles Template:Party name with color O. N. V. Kurup Template:Party name with color P. Asok Kumar

List of elected MPs

[5]

No. Constituency Name of Elected M.P. Party affiliation
1 Kasaragod Ramanna Rai CPI(M)
2 Kannur Mullappally Ramachandran INC
3 Vatakara K. P. Unnikrishnan ICS(SCS)
4 Kozhikode K. Muraleedharan INC
5 Manjeri G.M. Banatwalia IUML
6 Ponnani Ebrahim Sulaiman Sait IUML
7 Palakkad A. Vijayaraghavan CPI(M)
8 Ottapalam K. R. Narayanan INC
9 Thrissur P. A. Antony INC
10 Mukundapuram Savitri Lakshmanan INC
11 Ernakulam K. V. Thomas INC
12 Muvattupuzha P. C. Thomas KC(M)
13 Kottayam Ramesh Chennithala INC
14 Idukki K. M. Mathew INC
15 Alappuzha Vakkom Purushothaman INC
16 Mavelikkara P. J. Kurien INC
17 Adoor Kodikunnil Suresh INC
18 Kollam S. Krishna Kumar INC
19 Chirayankil Thalekunnil Basheer INC
20 Thiruvananthapuram A. Charles INC

Results

Performance of political parties

[6]Template:Pie chart

No. Party Political Front Seats Votes %Votes ±pp
1 Indian National Congress UDF 14 62,18,850 41.70% Template:Increase8.43
2 Communist Party of India (Marxist) LDF 2 34,11,227 22.87% Template:Increase0.60
3 Communist Party of India LDF 0 9,24,994 6.20% Template:Decrease1.17
4 Indian Union Muslim League UDF 2 7,80,322 5.23% Template:Decrease0.06
5 Bharatiya Janata Party 0 6,72,613 4.51% Template:Increase2.76
6 Indian Congress (Socialist) - Sarat Chandra Singha LDF 1 3,70,434 2.48% Template:Decrease1.90
7 Revolutionary Socialist Party LDF 0 3,59,393 2.41% new
8 Kerala Congress (M) UDF 1 3,52,191 2.36% new
9 Janata Dal LDF 0 2,77,682 1.86% new
10 Kerala Congress LDF 0 68,811 0.46% Template:Decrease1.91
11 Janata Party none 0 38,492 0.26% Template:Increase1.87
12 Bahujan Samaj Party none 0 17,762 0.12% new
13 Deseeya Karshaka Party none 0 3,059 0.02% new
14 Socialist Unity Centre of India none 0 2,151 0.01% new
Independents 0 14,14,560 9.49% Template:Increase2.40

By constituency

[7]

No. Constituency UDF candidate Votes % Party LDF candidate Votes % Party BJP / Other candidate Votes % Party Winning alliance Margin
1 Kasaragod I. Rama Rai 3,57,177 44.5% INC M. Rammana Rai 3,58,723 44.7% CPI(M) C. K. Padmanabhan 69,419 8.6% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |LDF 1,546
2 Kannur Mullappally Ramachandran 3,91,042 50.1% INC P. Sasi 3,48,638 44.6% CPI(M) Palliyara Raman 31,266 4.0% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |UDF 42,404
3 Vatakara A. Sujanapal 3,62,225 45.5% INC K. P. Unnikrishnan 3,70,434 46.5% ICS(SCS) P. K. Krishnadas 45,558 5.7% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |LDF 8,209
4 Kozhikode K. Muraleedharan 3,77,858 47.9% INC E. K. Imbichibava 3,48,901 44.3% CPI(M) P. S. Sreedharan Pillai 49,696 6.3% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |UDF 28,957
5 Manjeri Ebrahim Sulaiman Sait 4,01,975 49.6% IUML K. V. Salahuddin 3,31,693 40.9% IND Ahalya Sankar 51,634 7.0% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |UDF 70,282
6 Ponnani G. M. Banatwalia 3,78,347 53.2% IUML M. Rahmathulia 2,70,828 38.1% CPI K. Janachandran 48,892 6.9% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |UDF 1,07,519
7 Palakkad V. S. Vijayaraghavan 3,47,115 46.8% INC A. Vijayaraghavan 3,48,401 47.0% CPI(M) T. Chandrasekharan 27,220 3.7% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |LDF 1,286
8 Ottapalam K. R. Narayanan 3,50,683 48.5% INC Lenin Rajendran 3,24,496 44.9% CPI(M) Lakshmanan 32,892 4.5% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |UDF 26,187
9 Thrissur P. A. Antony 3,38,271 47.0% INC Meenakshi Thampan 3,32,036 46.2% CPI K. V. Sreedharan 38,205 5.3% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |UDF 6,235
10 Mukundapuram Savithri Lakshmanan 3,67,931 48.5% INC C. O. Poulose 3,49,177 46.0% CPI(M) K. K. Gangadharan 28,781 3.8% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |UDF 18,754
11 Ernakulam K. V. Thomas 3,85,176 49.6% INC P. Subramnoian Poti 3,48,711 44.9% IND A. N. Radhakrishnan 29,162 3.8% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |UDF 36,465
12 Muvattupuzha P. C. Thomas 3,52,191 48.1% KC(M) P. J. Joseph 68,811 9.4% KEC C. Poulose 2,83,380 38.7% IND style="background:Template:Party color" |UDF 68,811
13 Kottayam Ramesh Chennithala 3,84,809 51.1% INC K. Suresh Kurup 3,31,276 44.0% CPI(M) Ettumanoor Radhakrishnan 18,449 2.5% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |UDF 53,533
14 Idukki K. M. Mathew 3,98,516 53.4% INC M. C. Josephine 3,07,037 41.1% CPI(M) M. N. Jayachandran 25,354 3.4% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |UDF 91,479
15 Alappuzha Vakkom Purushotham 3,75,763 50.0% INC K. V. Devadas 3,50,640 46.7% CPI(M) K. D. Ramakrishnan 15,127 2.0% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |UDF 25,123
16 Mavelikkara P. J. Kurian 3,34,864 50.9% INC Thampan Thomas 2,77,682 42.2% JD Prathapachandra Verma 30,229 4.6% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |UDF 57,182
17 Adoor Kodikunnil Suresh 3,43,672 49.6% INC N. Rajan 3,22,130 46.5% CPI E. K. Sasidharan 17,123 2.5% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |UDF 21,542
18 Kollam S. Krishnakumar 3,86,855 49.9% INC Babu Divakaran 3,59,393 46.4% RSP P. K. S. Rajeev 16,202 2.1% IND style="background:Template:Party color" |UDF 27,462
19 Chirayinkil Thalekunnil Basheer 3,49,068 47.8% INC Susheela Gopalan 3,43,938 47.1% CPI(M) V. N. Gopalakrishnan Nair 23,049 3.2% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |UDF 5,130
20 Trivandrum A. Charles 3,67,825 48.6% INC O. N. V. Kurup 3,16,912 41.9% IND P. Asok Kumar 56,046 7.4% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |UDF 50,913

See also

References

  1. ↑ General Election, 1989.
  2. ↑ PC: Kerala 1989.Template:Dead link
  3. ↑ STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTIONS, 1989 TO THE 9th LOK SABHA.
  4. ↑ PC: Alliances Kerala 1989.
  5. ↑ Indian Parliament Elections 1989: Kerala Winners, Roy Mathew. keralaassembly.org. Retrieved 2020-09-15.
  6. ↑ PC: Party-wise performance for 1989 Kerala.
  7. ↑ PC: Kerala 1989.Template:Dead link

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