International recognition of Israel

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As of February 2026, the State of Israel is recognized as a sovereign state by 163 of the other 192 member states of the United Nations, or approximately 85% of all UN members. The State of Israel was formally established by the Israeli Declaration of Independence on 14 May 1948, and was admitted to the United Nations (UN) as a full member state on 11 May 1949.[1][2] It also maintains bilateral ties with all of the UNSC Permanent Five. 29Template:Efn member states have either never formally recognized Israel or have withdrawn their recognition; others have severed diplomatic relations without explicitly withdrawing their recognition. Additionally, many non-recognizing countries have challenged Israel's existence—predominantly those in the Muslim world—due to significant animosity stemming from the Israeli–Palestinian conflict and the Arab–Israeli conflict.[3]

History

Template:See also

On 14 May 1948, the Israeli Declaration of Independence[4] declared the establishment a Jewish state in part of the former British Mandate of Palestine, with borders formally established by the Green Line of the 1949 Armistice Agreements at the end of the 1948 Palestine war. The Arab League was opposed to any partition and to the establishment of Israel, and an Arab coalition jointly invaded the territory of the newly formed country one day after its independence, sparking the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.

Following Israel's establishment, the Israeli provisional government was established to govern the Yishuv; and while military operations were still in progress, it was promptly granted de facto recognition by the United States,[5][6] followed by Iran (which had voted against the Partition Plan), Guatemala, Iceland, Nicaragua, Romania, and Uruguay. The Soviet Union was the first country to grant de jure recognition to Israel on 17 May 1948,[7] followed by Nicaragua, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, and Poland.[8] The United States extended de jure recognition after the first Israeli election,[9] on 31 January 1949.[10]

By the late 1960s, Israel had established diplomatic relations with almost all of the countries of Western Europe, North America, South America, and Sub-Saharan Africa combined.

To put additional diplomatic, economic, and military pressure on Israel in the wake of the 1967 Arab–Israeli War, oil-producing Arab countries imposed an oil embargo on countries that had bilateral relations with Israel. As a result, many African and Asian countries broke off their ties with Israel. The Soviet Union also shifted its support in favour of the Arab cause against Israel during this time, leading most countries of the Eastern Bloc to sever diplomatic ties in 1967; these included the Soviet Union itself, as well as Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Bulgaria. Other countries in the Soviet sphere of influence, such as the People's Republic of China and Mongolia, also did not establish relations with Israel. Diplomatic relations with these countries were restored or established following the collapse of the Eastern Bloc in 1989. The Soviet Union restored relations in October 1991, and new countries that had gained independence after the dissolution of the Soviet Union also recognised Israel in their own right. China established relations in January 1992.

On 1 September 1967, the then-eight members of the Arab League issued the Khartoum Resolution, which included three pledges that forbade recognition, peace, and negotiations with Israel. However, Egypt, Jordan, and Mauritania gradually recognized Israel, though Mauritania broke off ties and withdrew recognition in 2010. As part of the 2020 Abraham Accords, the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, and Morocco all established normalized bilateral ties with Israel, with Sudan announcing its plan (never completed) to.[11][12] Pressure was again exerted by the Arab League after the 1973 Arab–Israeli War, which led Cuba, Mali, and the Maldives to break off ties with Israel. Niger severed bilateral ties with Israel during the Second Intifada, and Venezuela broke off ties after the 2008–2009 Gaza War.

Following Israel's recognition of and entering into negotiations with the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), many African, Asian, and Arab countries either restored or established diplomatic relations with Israel. The Vatican began a bilateral relationship with Israel in 1994. Some countriesTemplate:EfnTemplate:Efn broke or suspended relations during the 2006 Lebanon War and after the blockade of the Gaza Strip. Although Guinea broke diplomatic ties with Israel in 1967, Israel's extensive support for Guinea during its fight against an Ebola virus epidemic led to the re-establishment of bilateral relations in 2016.[13] Nicaragua restored relations in March 2017; Chad did likewise in January 2019.[14] The most recent country to establish diplomatic relations with Israel was Bhutan, on 12 December 2020.[15]

United Nations membership

On 15 May 1948, one day after its independence, Israel applied for membership with the United Nations (UN), but the application was not acted on by the Security Council. Israel's second application was rejected by the Security Council on 17 December 1948 by a 5-to-1 vote, with 5 abstentions. Syria was the sole negative vote; the United States, Argentina, Colombia, the Soviet Union, and the Ukrainian SSR voted in favour; and Belgium, the United Kingdom, Canada, China, and France abstained.

Israel's application was renewed in 1949 after the first Israeli election. By Security Council Resolution 69 on 4 March 1949, the UN Security Council voted 9-to-1 in favour of Israeli membership, with Egypt voting against and the United Kingdom abstaining.[16] Those voting in favour were China, France, the United States, the Soviet Union, Argentina, Canada, Cuba, Norway, and the Ukrainian SSR.

On 11 May 1949, the UN General Assembly, by the requisite two-thirds majority of its then-58 members, approved the application to admit Israel to the UN by General Assembly Resolution 273.[17][18] The vote in the General Assembly was 37 to 12, with 9 abstentions. Those that voted in favour of Israel were: Argentina, Australia, Bolivia, the Byelorussian SSR, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, France, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Iceland, Liberia, Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Norway, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, the Philippines, Poland, the Ukrainian SSR, South Africa, the Soviet Union, the United States, Uruguay, Venezuela, and Yugoslavia. Those that voted against were six of the then-seven members of the Arab League (Egypt, Iraq, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria, and Yemen) as well as Afghanistan, Burma, Ethiopia, India, Iran, and Pakistan. Those abstaining were: Belgium, Brazil, Denmark, El Salvador, Greece, Siam, Sweden, Turkey, and the United Kingdom.[19] Many of the countries that voted in favour or had abstained had already recognized Israel before the UN vote, at least on a de facto basis. Of these countries, Cuba and Venezuela have since withdrawn recognition.

Present situation

Legend: Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend

Template:As of, 163 of the 192 other member states of the United Nations (UN) recognize Israel. 29 UN member states do not formally recognize Israel: 15 members of the Arab League (Algeria, Comoros, Djibouti, Iraq, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, and Yemen); 11 non-Arab members of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Brunei, Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, and Pakistan); and 3 other members Cuba, North Korea, and Venezuela.[20] In 2002, the Arab League proposed the recognition of Israel by Arab countries as a pathway towards a resolution of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict under the Arab Peace Initiative. Following the Abraham Accords, which were signed in September 2020 between Israel and the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain, the Palestinian National Authority condemned any Arab agreement with Israel as dishonourable, describing them as a betrayal to the Palestinian cause and a blow to their quest for an independent Palestinian state.[21]

The passports of some countries are not valid for travel to Israel, including Bangladesh, Brunei, Iran, Iraq, and Pakistan. Thirteen countries do not accept Israeli passports: Algeria, Bangladesh, Brunei, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Malaysia, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, and Yemen.[22] Some of these countries also do not accept passports of other countries whose holder has an Israeli visa or stamp on it. The stamp may be a visa stamp, or a stamp on entry or departure. Because of these issues, Israeli immigration controls do not stamp passports with an entry visa, instead issuing a separate insert which is discarded on departure. However, a stamp of another country which indicates that the person has entered Israel may frustrate that effort. For example, if an Egyptian departure stamp is used in any passport at the Taba Border Crossing, that is an indication that the person entered Israel, and a similar situation arises for land crossings into Jordan. Some countries also ban direct flights and overflights to and from Israel.[23] In August 2020, the United Arab Emirates permitted direct flights from Israel, and Saudi Arabia and Bahrain authorized overflights for such flights.[24] On 8 October 2020, Israel and Jordan reached an agreement to allow flights to cross over both countries' airspace.[25]

States that recognize Israel

UN member states

Template:Table alignment

# State Date of de facto recognition Date of de jure recognition Notes
Template:Nts Template:ALB — Template:Dts[26] Diplomatic relations established on 20 August 1991.[27]
Template:Nts Template:AND — Template:Dts[28]
Template:Nts Template:ANG — Template:Dts[29] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:ATG — Template:Dts[30] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:ARG — Template:Dts[31]
Template:Nts Template:ARM — Template:Dts[32] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:AUS — Template:Dts[33]
Template:Nts Template:AUT Template:Dts[34] Template:Dts Date diplomatic relations established. Prior to that, the two countries had maintained consular relations since 1950. Legations were upgraded to embassy status in 1959.[35]
Template:Nts Template:AZE — Template:Dts[36] Date diplomatic relations established.
Template:Nts Template:BAH Template:When 24 September 1974[37]
Template:Nts Template:BHR Template:Dts[38] Template:Dts[39] On Template:Dts, an agreement was signed to normalize relations.[38]
Template:Nts Template:BAR — Template:Dts[40] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:BLR Template:Dts[41] Template:Dts[42] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:BEL — Template:Dts[43]
Template:Nts Template:BLZ — Template:Dts[44] Date diplomatic relations established. Relations suspended in 2023 during the Gaza war.[45]
Template:Nts Template:BEN — Template:Dts[46] Date diplomatic relations established. Relations severed in October 1973, and resumed in July 1992.[47][48]
Template:Nts Template:BTN[20] — Template:Dts[49] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:BOL Template:Dts[50] Template:Dts[51] Relations severed in January 2009,[52] and restored in November 2019.[53] Relations severed in 2023 during the Gaza war,[54] but restored again in December 2025.[55]
Template:Nts Template:BIH — Template:Dts[56] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:BWA Template:When Template:Dts[57] After the war in 1973, Botswana was one of only five countries in Africa that did not break off relations with Israel.Template:Efn[58]
Template:Nts Template:BRA — Template:Dts[59]
Template:Nts Template:BUL — Template:Dts Relations severed on 10 June 1967, and restored on 3 May 1990.[60]
Template:Nts Template:BUR — Template:Dts[46] Date diplomatic relations established. Relations severed in October 1973, and re-established in October 1993.[47][48][61]
Template:Nts Template:BDI Template:When Template:When Relations severed in May 1973,[48] and restored in March 1995.
Template:Nts Template:CAM — Template:Dts Date diplomatic relations established. Cambodia broke off relations in 1975; they were restored on 5 October 1993.[62][63]
Template:Nts Template:CMR — Template:Dts[64] Date diplomatic relations established. Relations severed in October 1973 and restored in August 1986.[48][65]
Template:Nts Template:CAN — Template:Dts[41][66]
Template:Nts Template:CPV — Template:Dts[67] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:CAF Template:When Template:When Relations were severed in October 1973,[48] were resumed in January 1991.
Template:Nts Template:CHA — Template:Dts Relations were established in 1961, but severed on 28 November 1972.[48][68] In 2005, reports emerged of a mutual intention to renew diplomatic relations.[69] Relations restored on 20 January 2019.[14]
Template:Nts Template:CHI — Template:Dts[70]
Template:Nts Template:CHN — Template:Dts The Republic of China granted de jure recognition to Israel on 1 March 1949.[50] The two states maintained diplomatic relations until Israel's recognition of the People's Republic of China on 8 January 1950. The PRC, however, did not formally reciprocate until the eventual establishment of diplomatic relations in 1992.[71]
Template:Nts Template:COL — Template:Dts[50] On 1 May 2024, president Gustavo Petro announced Colombia would break diplomatic ties with Israel, describing Israel's siege of Gaza as a "genocide".[72]
Template:Nts Template:CRI — Template:Dts[73]
Template:Nts Template:CRO — Template:Dts[74] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:CYP — Template:Dts Date diplomatic relations established. They had been agreed to on 17 August 1960, but final establishment was postponed due to pressure from Arab nations.[75]
Template:Nts Template:CZE — Template:Dts[76] Recognition extended under Czechoslovakia. Relations under Czechoslovakia were severed between June 1967 and February 1990. Diplomatic relations with the Czech Republic were established 1 January 1993.[77]
Template:Nts Template:COD — Template:Dts Date diplomatic relations established. Ties severed on 4 October 1973, and restored on 13 May 1982.[48][78]
Template:Nts Template:DEN Template:Dts[50] Template:Dts[79]
Template:Nts Template:DMA — Template:Dts[77] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:DOM — Template:Dts[80]
Template:Nts Template:ETM[81] — Template:Dts
Template:Nts Template:ECU — Template:Dts[50]
Template:Nts Template:EGY Template:Dts[82] Template:Dts[83] Signatory to the Khartoum Resolution.[84] Later became the first Arab state to recognize Israel, with the Egypt–Israel peace treaty.
Template:Nts Template:ELS — Template:Dts[85]
Template:Nts Template:EQG Template:When Template:When Relations severed in October 1973,[48] and resumed in January 1994.[86]
Template:Nts Template:ERI — Template:Dts[63][87] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:EST — Template:Dts[88] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:SWZ — Template:Dts[77]
Template:Nts Template:ETH — Template:Dts[89] Prior to de jure recognition, Ethiopia maintained consular relations with Israel since 1956. Relations were broken in October 1973,[48] and resumed in November 1989.
Template:Nts Template:FSM[90] — Template:Dts Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:FIJ — Template:Dts[77] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:FIN[91] Template:Dts[92] Template:Dts
Template:Nts Template:FRA — Template:Dts[93]
Template:Nts Template:GAB[62] — Template:Dts[94] Relations severed in October 1973,[48] and resumed in September 1993.
Template:Nts Template:GMB — Template:When Relations severed in October 1973,[48] and resumed in September 1992
Template:Nts Template:GEO — Template:Dts[95] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:GER Template:Dts (West Germany before 3 October 1990)[96] Template:Dts[97] Date diplomatic relations established. Prior to this, Germany signed the Reparations agreement with Israel. East Germany never had diplomatic relations with Israel during its existence.
Template:Nts Template:GHA — Template:When Relations broken in October 1973,[48] and resumed in August 1994
Template:Nts Template:GRE[89] Template:Dts Template:Dts[98] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:GRN — Template:Dts[77] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:GUA — Template:Dts[76]
Template:Nts Template:GIN — Template:When Broke diplomatic relations with Israel on 12 June 1967,[48] and restored relations on July 20, 2016.[13]
Template:Nts Template:GNB — Template:Dts[77] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:GUY — Template:When Broke off relations in March 1974, restored in March 1992.
Template:Nts Template:HAI Template:Dts[50] Template:Dts[77] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:HON[80][99] Template:Dts Template:Dts[94]
Template:Nts Template:HUN[100] Template:Dts Template:Dts[92] Relations broken in 1967, and restored on 19 September 1989.[101]
Template:Nts Template:ISL Template:Dts[50] Template:When
Template:Nts Template:IND — Template:Dts[102]
Template:Nts Template:IRL[103] Template:Dts Template:Dts[103]
Template:Nts Template:ITA[50] Template:Dts Template:Dts
Template:Nts Template:CIV Template:Dts Template:Dts[46] Date diplomatic relations established. Prior to this date, it had maintained trade relations since 15 February 1961. Relations severed in November 1973, and resumed in February 1986.[47][48]
Template:Nts Template:JAM[94] Template:Dts Template:Dts[104] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:JAP — Template:Dts[105]
Template:Nts Template:JOR — Template:Dts[106] Signatory to the Khartoum Resolution.[84] Recognized Israel in the Israel–Jordan peace treaty.
Template:Nts Template:KAZ — Template:Dts[107] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:KEN — Template:Dts[94][108] Severed relations in November 1973,[48] resumed in December 1988.
Template:Nts Template:KIR — Template:Dts[109] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:KGZ — Template:Dts[94]
Template:Nts Template:LAO — Template:Dts Date diplomatic relations established. Laos broke off relations in 1973, and restored them on 6 December 1993.[110]
Template:Nts Template:LAT — Template:Dts[111] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:LSO — Template:When
Template:Nts Template:LBR Template:Dts[100] Template:When Relations severed in November 1973, and resumed in August 1983.[47][48]
Template:Nts Template:LIE — Template:Dts[94]
Template:Nts Template:LIT — Template:Dts[112] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:LUX Template:Dts[41] Template:Dts[113]
Template:Nts Template:MDG — Template:When Relations severed in October 1973,[48] and resumed in January 1994.
Template:Nts Template:MWI — Template:Dts[77] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:MLT Template:Dts[94] Template:Dts[77] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:MHL — Template:Dts[114]
Template:Nts Template:MUS[62] — Template:When Diplomatic relations severed July 1976, restored September 1993.
Template:Nts Template:MEX Template:Dts[41] Template:Dts[115]
Template:Nts Template:MLD[116] — Template:Dts
Template:Nts Template:MCO — Template:Dts[77]
Template:Nts Template:MNG[117] — Template:Dts
Template:Nts Template:MNE[118] — Template:Dts
Template:Nts Template:MAR[20][84] Template:Dts[119] Template:Dts Closed Israeli office and suspended relations in October 2000.[120] On 10 December 2020, an agreement was announced to normalize relations.[121]
Template:Nts Template:MOZ[62][63] — Template:Dts
Template:Nts Template:MYA[122] — Template:Dts Date full diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:NAM[63][123] — Template:Dts
Template:Nts Template:NRU[77] — Template:Dts
Template:Nts Template:NEP[124] — Template:Dts Date diplomatic relations established. First South Asian nation to establish diplomatic ties with Israel.
Template:Nts Template:NED Template:Dts[41] Template:Dts[113]
Template:Nts Template:NZL Template:Dts[50] Template:Dts[125]
Template:Nts Template:NIC — Template:Dts[80] Diplomatic relations suspended June 2010 and restored in March 2017.[126] Relations suspended again in October 2024.[127]
Template:Nts Template:NGR[128] Template:Dts Template:When Relations broken in October 1973,[48] were resumed in May 1992.
Template:Nts Template:MKD — Template:Dts[77] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:NOR Template:When Template:Dts Date Norway recognized Israel
Template:Nts Template:PLW[62][63] — Template:Dts
Template:Nts Template:PAN — Template:Dts[73]
Template:Nts Template:PNG — 1978[129]
Template:Nts Template:PAR Template:Dts[80] Template:Dts[130]
Template:Nts Template:PER — Template:Dts[50]
Template:Nts Template:PHI Template:Dts[41] Template:Dts[131]
Template:Nts Template:POL — Template:Dts[76] Relations were broken in 1967, restored in February 1990.[132]
Template:Nts Template:POR[133] Template:Dts Template:Dts[134]
Template:Nts Template:COG — Template:Dts Date diplomatic relations established. Broke relations on 31 December 1972, resumed in August 1991.
Template:Nts Template:ROM[135] Template:Dts Template:Dts[92]
Template:Nts Template:RUS — Template:Dts[76][136][137] Recognition extended as part of the Soviet Union. Relations broken in 1967, restored on 19 October 1991.[138]
Template:Nts Template:RWA — Template:When Relations severed in October 1973,[48] and restored in October 1994.
Template:Nts Template:KNA — Template:Dts[77] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:LCA — Template:Dts[77] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:VCT — Template:Dts[77] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:SAM — Template:Dts[77] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:SMR[139] — Template:Dts
Template:Nts Template:STP — Template:Dts[77] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:SEN Template:Dts[94] Template:Dts[140] Date diplomatic relations established. Relations broken in October 1973,[48] and resumed in August 1994.
Template:Nts Template:SRB — Template:Dts Date diplomatic relations established[141]
Template:Nts Template:SEY — Template:Dts[77] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:SLE — Template:When Relations broken in October 1973,[48] and resumed in May 1992.
Template:Nts Template:SIN[142] — Template:Dts Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:SVK — Template:Dts[76] Recognition extended under Czechoslovakia. Relations under Czechoslovakia were severed between June 1967 and February 1990. Diplomatic relations with Slovakia were established 1 January 1993.[143]
Template:Nts Template:SLO[144] — Template:Dts
Template:Nts Template:SOL — Template:Dts[77]
Template:Nts Template:ZAF Template:Dts[76] Template:Dts[145][146]
Template:Nts Template:KOR — Template:Dts[147] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:SSD[148] — Template:Dts Date given is the date full diplomatic relations were established.[149]
Template:Nts Template:ESP[150] Template:Dts Template:When
Template:Nts Template:SRI[151] Template:Dts Template:When
Template:Nts Template:SUR — Template:Dts[77]
Template:Nts Template:SWE[50] Template:Dts Template:Dts[79]
Template:Nts Template:SUI[152] Template:Dts Template:Dts[153]
Template:Nts Template:TJK — Template:Dts[77]
Template:Nts Template:TZA — Template:When Relations broken in October 1973,[48] and resumed in February 1995.
Template:Nts Template:THA Template:Dts[154] Template:When
Template:Nts Template:TGO — Template:When Relations severed in September 1973,[48] and restored in June 1987.[47]
Template:Nts Template:TON — Template:Dts[77] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:TRI[77] Template:Dts Template:Dts[155] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:TUR Template:Dts[156] Template:Dts[157] Downgraded ties with Israel to second secretary level in September 2011,[158] and restored full diplomatic relations in June 2016.[159]
Template:Nts Template:TKM[160] — Template:Dts Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:TUV — Template:Dts[77] Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:UGA — Template:When Broke relations on 30 March 1972,[48] and restored in July 1994.
Template:Nts Template:UKR Template:Dts[41] Template:Dts[161]
Template:Nts Template:ARE Template:Dts[162] Template:Dts[39] On Template:Dts, an agreement was signed to normalize relations.[162]
Template:Nts Template:GBR Template:Dts[163] Template:Dts[113]
Template:Nts Template:USA Template:Dts[6] Template:Dts[164] First country to recognize Israel.
Template:Nts Template:URU — Template:Dts[76] First Latin American country to recognize Israel.[165]
Template:Nts Template:UZB[166] — Template:Dts Date full diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:VAN[62][63] — Template:Dts Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:VIE[167] — Template:Dts Date diplomatic relations established
Template:Nts Template:ZMB — Template:When Relations broken in October 1973,[48] and resumed in December 1991.
Template:Nts Template:ZIM[62][63] — Template:Dts Date diplomatic relations established

Non-UN member states

# State Date of recognition Notes
Template:Nts Template:COK[168] Template:Dts
Template:Nts Template:Flag[169] Template:Dts
Template:Nts Template:Flag Template:Dts Kosovo recognised Israel as part of the Kosovo and Serbia economic normalization agreements (2020).[170][171][172] Diplomatic relations established on February 1, 2021.[173][174]
Template:Nts Template:NIU[175] Template:Dts
Template:Nts Template:Flag[176] Template:Dts Signatory to the Khartoum Resolution.[84] Recognized Israel as part of the Oslo I Accord.Template:Fact
Template:Nts Template:Flag[177] Template:Dts Israel became the first country and UN member state to formally recognize Somaliland as an independent and sovereign state. Both states agreed to establish full diplomatic relations, including opening embassies in their respective capitals.[178]
Template:Nts Template:Flag Israel and Taiwan maintain close relations, though Israel does not recognize Taiwan as a country.[179]

States that do not recognize Israel

Legend:

  •     - states that have never formally recognized Israel
  •     - states that have withdrawn recognition of Israel

UN Member States

Template:Table alignment

# State Date of de facto recognition Date of de jure recognition Notes
Template:Nts Template:Flag[180] — — Does not accept Israeli passports. Holders of passports containing any Israeli visa or stamp will be refused entry.
Template:Nts Template:ALG[181][84] — — Does not accept Israeli passports.[22]
Template:Nts Template:BGD[182][183] — — Does not accept Israeli passports, and Bangladeshi passports are not valid for travel to Israel.[22]
Template:Nts Template:BRN[20] — — Does not accept Israeli passports, and Brunei passports are not valid for travel to Israel[22]
Template:Nts Template:COM[20] — —
Template:Nts Template:CUB Template:Dts Template:Dts[184] Cuba severed relations in September 1973,[185] and the most recent government does not recognize it.[186]
Template:Nts Template:DJI[20] — —
Template:Nts Template:IDN[183] — — Does not accept Israeli passport holders without an invitation from the Directorate General of Immigration. Holders of passport can only enter Indonesia through airports in Denpasar (DPS), Jakarta (CGK/HLP), and Surabaya (SUB).[22]
Template:Nts Template:IRN[187] Template:Dts[187] —[187] Voted against the UN Partition Plan and voted against the admission of Israel's membership to the UN. Iranian government refrained from recognizing Israel de jure despite de facto recognition.[187] Relations severed on 18 February 1979.[188] Does not accept Israeli passports,[22] and the holders of Iranian passports are "not entitled to travel to the occupied Palestine"[189] Holders of passports containing any Israeli visa or stamp will be refused entry.
Template:Nts Template:IRQ[190] — — Does not accept Israeli passports, except for Kurdistan Region where visa is required for passengers without a signed and stamped letter issued by the Ministry of Interior of the Kurdistan Regional Government if arriving at Erbil (EBL) and Sulaymaniyah (ISU).[22] Iraqi passports are not valid for travel to Israel. Holders of passports containing any Israeli visa or stamp will be refused entry.[191]
Template:Nts Template:KWT[84] — — Does not accept Israeli passports. Holders of passports containing any Israeli visa or stamp will be refused entry. Maintains a state of hostility dating back to 1967.[22][192]
Template:Nts Template:LBN[84] — — Does not accept Israeli passports. Holders of passports containing any Israeli visa or stamp will be refused entry.[22]Template:Efn
Template:Nts Template:LBY[84] — — Does not accept Israeli passports. Holders of passports containing any Israeli visa or stamp will be refused entry.[22]
Template:Nts Template:MYS[183] — — Does not admit Israeli passport holders without written permission from the government. Malaysian passports not valid for travel to Israel without permission from the government.[193]
Template:Nts Template:MDV — Template:Dts[194] Diplomatic relations suspended in 1974.[195] Cooperation agreements in 2009 did not develop into full diplomatic relations[196][197][198] and were terminated in 2014.[199] Since 15 April 2025, Maldives does not accept Israeli passports for entry into the country.[200][201][202]
Template:Nts Template:MLI[20] — — Diplomatic relations severed 5 January 1973.[48]
Template:Nts Template:MRT — Template:Dts[203] Diplomatic relations suspended 6 March 2009,[204] severed 21 March 2010.[205]
Template:Nts Template:NER[20] — — Relations severed on 4 January 1973.[46][48]
Template:Nts Template:PRK[206] — — North Korea and Israel held talks in 1993, but the talks were halted under pressure from the United States.[207] See Israel–North Korea relations for more details.
Template:Nts Template:OMA Template:Dts[120] — A degree of relations established in January 1996. Closed Israeli office and suspended relations in October 2000.[120] Accepts Israeli passports for transit only, does not accept for admission.[22]
Template:Nts Template:PAK[208] — — Does not accept Israeli passports, and Pakistani passports are not valid for travel to Israel.[22]
Template:Nts Template:QAT[20] Template:Dts[77] — In April 1996, Qatar and Israel agreed to exchange trade representation offices.[209] Trade offices closed in February 2009.[77]
Does not accept Israeli passports for admission in Qatar, except during the 2022 FIFA World Cup.[210][211]
Qatar has hosted Israeli delegations for negotiations between Israel and Hamas during the Gaza war to facilitate ceasefires in the war.[212]
Template:Nts Template:SAU[84][213] — — Does not accept Israeli passports, however there are some exceptions. Israeli Muslims may get a temporary Jordanian passport to enter the country for Hajj or Umrah purposes only and since 2020, Israeli businesspeople can obtain a special visa in order to enter the country.[22]
Template:Nts Template:SOM[214] — —
Template:Nts Template:SDN Template:Dts[215] — On 23 October 2020, an agreement was announced to normalize relations. However, this has not resulted in full recognition.[215]
Template:Nts Template:SYR[84] — — Does not accept Israeli passports. Holders of passports containing any Israeli visa or stamp will be refused entry.[22]
Template:Nts Template:TUN[84] Template:Dts[63][216] —[217] Joint declaration of relations made in January 1996. Closed the Israeli representative office and suspended relations in October 2000.[120]
Template:Nts Template:VEN — Template:Dts[80] Relations severed in January 2009.[218]
Template:Nts Template:YEM[84] — — Does not accept Israeli passports. Holders of passports containing any Israeli visa or stamp will be refused entry.[22]

See also

Notes

Template:Notelist

References

  1. ↑ United Nations Member States(3 July 2006). Retrieved 27 January 2022.
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  52. ↑ Bolivia cuts Israel ties over Gaza. Al Jazeera(15 January 2009). Retrieved 2011-10-16.
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  81. ↑ Accredited Embassies to Timor-Leste from overseas. Retrieved 4 August 2011.
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  86. ↑ Africa research bulletin: Political, social, and cultural series, 31{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Blackwell(1994)
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  167. ↑ List of countries that maintain diplomatic relations with the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam. Retrieved 4 August 2011.
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  177. ↑ Israel becomes first country to formally recognise Somaliland as independent state. Reuters(26 December 2025).
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  179. ↑ Taiwan and Israel: Don't Recognize, but Collaborate(12 March 2020).
  180. ↑ Kabul will forge Israel ties if Palestinians form State: Karzai. Pak Tribune(9 January 2006). Retrieved 2011-08-05.
  181. ↑ [{{{url}}} Israel signs condolence book to Algeria bombing victims despite no diplomatic relations]. The Associated Press(14 December 2007). "Ambassador Dan Gillerman told ... 'Algeria does not recognize Israel and has not even made any steps towards normalizing its relations with Israel'."
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  192. ↑ Kuwait remains fully committed to the war decree against the Zionist gangs, Times, Vinay. TimesKuwait(2023-11-13). Retrieved 2025-04-17.
  193. ↑ [{{{url}}} Israelis allowed into Malaysia with conditions]. The Sun Daily(2 November 2011).
  194. ↑ List of the countries with which the Republic of Maldives has established diplomatic relations with dates. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Maldives.
  195. ↑ As regime changes in Maldives, Israel loses a rare Muslim ally, Ahren, Raphael. The Times of Israel(14 February 2012).
  196. ↑ Israel and Maldives move to normalize relations. Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs(25 September 2009).
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  201. ↑ Abbas: Banning Israel passport the best and harshest measure possible on a national level. Sun.mv(15 April 2025). Retrieved 18 April 2025.
  202. ↑ Maldives bans entry of Israelis in 'resolute solidarity' with Palestinians. The Times of Israel(15 April 2025). Retrieved 15 April 2025.
  203. ↑ Israel and Mauritania to Establish Diplomatic Relations. Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs(27 October 1999). Retrieved 5 August 2011.
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  218. ↑ Venezuela cuts ties with Israel over Gaza attacks. Reuters(January 15, 2009). Retrieved March 15, 2022.

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