Template:Infobox election
A Legislative Assembly election was held in the Indian state of Punjab[1] on 4 February 2017 to elect the 117 members of the Punjab Legislative Assembly. The counting of votes was done on 11 March 2017.[2] The ruling pre-election coalition was the alliance[3][4] comprising the political parties Shiromani Akali Dal and Bharatiya Janata Party and led by Chief Minister Parkash Singh Badal. The voter turnout for the Punjab Assembly election was 77.2% The Indian National Congress led by former Chief Minister Captain Amarinder Singh defeated the ruling alliance and the newcomer Aam Aadmi Party.[5]
Background
Electoral process changes
In April 2016, the Election Commission of India revealed about 8 lakh bogus votes of state being cancelled in the past one year and over 7 lakh youngsters who have attained the age of 18 this year were yet to get registered. One constituency in every district will be chosen for trial run of Voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPAT) machines used along with EVMs.[6] Election Commission also decided to set up new polling stations if the number of voters was more than 1200 in rural areas and 1400 in urban areas.[7]
33 constituencies of all district headquarters in Punjab had VVPAT machines installed with EVMs,[8][9][10][11]
[12][13] including 22 district headquarters besides 11 high-profile constituencies.[14]
| Assembly constituencies of Punjab having VVPAT facility with EVMs[15]
|
| Lambi |
Jalalabad |
Majitha |
Patiala
|
| Atam Nagar |
Chabbewal |
Guruharsahai |
Ferozpur
|
| Barnala |
Sanour |
Lehragaga |
Jalandhar (central)
|
| Bathinda (urban) |
Raikot |
Moga |
Anandpur Sahib
|
| Bholath |
Qadian |
Chabbewal |
Rampura Phul
|
As per the special summary revision of electoral rolls, there are a total of 1.9 crore voters in Punjab as of August 2016.[16]
Final voters list for Punjab Legislative Assembly election 2017
| S.No |
Group of voters |
Voters population
|
| 1 |
Male |
1.05 crore
|
| 2 |
Female |
94 lakhs
|
| Total Voters |
1.9 crore
|
Political developments
The 2014 general election was held in Punjab for 13 parliamentary constituencies. Shiromani Akali Dal and Aam Aadmi Party won 4 seats each, Congress won 3 while 2 constituencies elected Bharatiya Janata Party candidates. The first-time contesting Aam Aadmi Party won from 34 of the total 117 assembly segments, coming second in 7, third in 73 and fourth in the rest 3 segments.[17] Wherever it trailed the major parties, its vote share was mostly bigger than the margin of victory of the winning candidate, turning forthcoming elections into three-cornered contests.[18]
- Shiromani Akali Dal-Bharatiya Janata Party
The previous election, held in 2012, resulted in a majority of seats being won by ruling Shiromani Akali Dal-Bharatiya Janata Party and Parkash Singh Badal became Chief Minister of Punjab.
- Aam Aadmi Party
In December 2015, Aam Aadmi Party declared that it would contest the Legislative Assembly elections in 2017.[19] AAP which did not participate in the previous assembly election, had fought 2014 Lok Sabha elections. Their 2014 performance translates to 33 assembly seats out of 117.[20] In the election, the party formed a coalition with the Lok Insaaf Party and gave it five seats.[21] No CM candidate was declared before the elections.[22] AAP won 20 seats in the Punjab Assembly in its debut in the 2017 Punjab elections. The performance of AAP was below expectations and 25 candidates of the party lost their deposit amounts.
- Indian National Congress
The Congress took part in the elections under the leadership of Amarinder Singh, and the party hired poll strategist Prashant Kishor for campaigning.[23][24]
- Bahujan Samaj Party
BSP is the fourth largest party in Punjab after improving its vote share in 2012 elections[25] started preparations for 2017 early by launching Punjab Bachao Abhiyaan from 1 November 2014.[26] In 2012, the BSP came second from Balachaur Vidhan Sabha seat with 21,943 votes.[27] On 15 March 2016, Mayawati during a mega-rally in Nawanshahr on the birth anniversary of BSP founder Kanshi Ram in Punjab attacked SAD-BJP government as "anti-Dalit" and Arvind Kejriwal as a "baniya" who had "always worked against Dalit and Scheduled Caste people" before he became Delhi CM.[28] Mayawati also declared that the BSP will contest Punjab 2017 elections on its own in all 117 seats.[29][30] The BSP declared that it will root out the drug menace from the state within a month of coming to power in Punjab.[31] On 9 June 2016, BSP national president Mayawati supported the film on Punjab drug abuse Udta Punjab, saying there is 'nothing wrong' in it.[32] In May 2016, the BSP launched the Pind Pind Chalo, Ghar Ghar Chalo campaign, a door-to-door drive to cover 29 million people across 550,000 households with Punjab Bachao, BSP laao (Save Punjab, elect BSP) as its main slogan as well as the overall theme of the campaign.[33] The BSP formed 65 teams for around 15,000 big and small rallies as well as seminars to be conducted in the state. The party also announced a 10% reservation for the poor upper castes if the BSP government comes to power in Punjab.[34] BSP Punjab unit started social media campaigning[35] and also visited NRIs for support in Vienna,[36] Europe and North America.[37] On 16 May 2016, the Ambedkar Sena Punjab merged with BSP.[38] Gurmel Chander, former president of the SC & BC teachers employees union, joined the BSP on 25 August.[39] On 25 September 2016, the BSP announced a list of nine candidates for 2017 Punjab assembly elections.[40] On 25 September 2016, Avtar Singh Karimpuri was replaced with Rashpal Singh Raju as BSP Punjab state president as the former was declared a Vidhan Sabha candidate from Phillaur.[41][42] Karimpuri's entry in Phillaur constituency spiced up the political battle in the seat.[43] Karimpuri said that the Punjab Congress does not want an alliance with the BSP, rather its agenda was to wipe out BSP from Punjab in the 2017 assembly elections.[44] New BSP president Rashpal Raju announced a mega rally in Phagwara on 9 October Parinirvana divas of BSP founder Kanshi Ram.[45] At this rally, Avtar Singh Karimpuri and Dr. Megh Raj attacked Shiromani Akali Dal and Congress as anti-Sikh parties.[46]
Election issues
First and foremost issue was drug peddling. There were several election issues like unemployment & lack of skills, farmers' crises, continually failing economy, sifarish (patronage & influence peddling & nepotism), unbridled crime and the role of goons in day-to-day matters of the citizen,[47] road rage & accidents.[48] Atrocities against Dalits[49][50][51] and Dalit land issues in Sangrur area,[52] the 1984 anti-Sikh riots[53] and the supply of drugs & addiction to them.[54][55][56] Punjabi Non-resident Indians (NRIs) play a major role in elections.[57]
Caste and religion data
As per the 2011 census, 57.69% of the state's population follows Sikhism, making Punjab the only Sikh majority state in India.[58] Hindus form 38.5% of the population, while Muslims, 1.93%; Christians, 1.3%; Buddhists, 0.12%; and Jains, 0.16%.[59] Dalits (Scheduled Castes) constitute 31.94% of the population, the highest percentage amongst all the states.[60] Other Backward Classes (OBCs) like Sainis, Sunar,[61] Kambojs, Tarkhans/Ramgarhias, Gurjars, Kumhars/Prajapatis, Telis, Banjaras, Lohars[62][63] constitute 31.3% of the population.[64] Jat-Sikhs comprise 21% of the population[65] while other forward castes (general category) - Brahmins, Khatris/Bhapas, Bania, Thakurs/Rajputs constitute around rest. As of 2016, Government of India did not publicly released Socio Economic and Caste Census 2011 caste population data for every single non-SC/ST castes (General castes, OBC/EBCs) in India.[66][67][68][69]
Template:Pie chart
| Caste Population data of Punjab
|
| Constitutional categories |
Population (%) |
Castes
|
| Other Backward Classes (OBC)
|
31.3%[64]
|
includes Sikh Rajputs,[70] Saini (Sainis added to OBC list in 2016[71]), Sunar, Kamboj, Labana, Tarkhan/Ramgarhia, Kumhar/Prajapati, Arain, Gurjar, Teli, Banjara, Lohar, Bhat,[72] Others
|
| Scheduled Castes (Dalits)
|
31.9%[73]
|
includes Mazhabi Sikh - 10%, Ramdasia Sikh/Ravidassia (Chamar)/Ad-Dharmi - 13.1%, Balmiki/Bhanghi - 3.5%, Bazigar - 1.05%, Others - 4%[74]
|
| Unreserved (mostly Upper castes)
|
33%
|
includes Jat Sikh - 21%,[75] (Brahmin, Rajput, Bania, Khatri-Arora-Sood[76]) - 12%
|
| Others (religious minorities)
|
3.8%[77]
|
includes Muslims, Christians, Buddhists, Jains
|
Schedule
Election Commission of India Announced poll dates on Jan 4, 2017 [1]
| Event
|
Date
|
Day
|
| Date of Notification
|
11Jan 2017
|
Wednesday
|
| Last date for nominations
|
18 Jan 2017
|
Wednesday
|
| Scrutiny of nominations
|
19 Jan 2017
|
Thursday
|
| Withdrawal of candidature
|
21 Jan 2017
|
Saturday
|
| Date of poll
|
4 Feb 2017
|
Saturday
|
| Date of counting
|
11 Mar 2017
|
Saturday
|
| Date before which the election shall be completed
|
15 Mar 2017
|
Wednesday
|
Counting of vote in assembly elections in Punjab took place on 11 March. The Punjab state witnessed a tough fight between the major four political parties in the assembly election held on 4 February 2017.[78] The term of the current assembly will end on 18 March 2017.[79]
Districts and constituencies
| District |
Constituency |
Region
|
| Pathankot |
Sujanpur |
Majha
|
| Pathankot |
Bhoa |
Majha
|
| Pathankot |
Pathankot |
Majha
|
| Gurdaspur |
Gurdaspur |
Majha
|
| Gurdaspur |
Dina Nagar |
Majha
|
| Gurdaspur |
Qadian |
Majha
|
| Gurdaspur |
Batala |
Majha
|
| Gurdaspur |
Sri Hargobindpur |
Majha
|
| Gurdaspur |
Fatehgarh Churian |
Majha
|
| Gurdaspur |
Dera Baba Nanak |
Majha
|
| Amritsar |
Ajnala |
Majha
|
| Amritsar |
Raja Sansi |
Majha
|
| Amritsar |
Majitha |
Majha
|
| Amritsar |
Jandiala |
Majha
|
| Amritsar |
Amritsar North |
Majha
|
| Amritsar |
Amritsar West |
Majha
|
| Amritsar |
Amritsar Central |
Majha
|
| Amritsar |
Amritsar East |
Majha
|
| Amritsar |
Amritsar South |
Majha
|
| Amritsar |
Attari |
Majha
|
| Tarn Taran |
Tarn Taran |
Majha
|
| Tarn Taran |
Khem Karan |
Majha
|
| Tarn Taran |
Patti |
Majha
|
| Tarn Taran |
Khadur Sahib |
Majha
|
| Amritsar |
Baba Bakala |
Majha
|
| Kapurthala |
Bholath |
Doaba
|
| Kapurthala |
Kapurthala |
Doaba
|
| Kapurthala |
Sultanpur Lodhi |
Doaba
|
| Kapurthala |
Phagwara |
Doaba
|
| Jalandhar |
Phillaur |
Doaba
|
| Jalandhar |
Nakodar |
Doaba
|
| Jalandhar |
Shahkot |
Doaba
|
| Jalandhar |
Kartarpur |
Doaba
|
| Jalandhar |
Jalandhar West |
Doaba
|
| Jalandhar |
Jalandhar Central |
Doaba
|
| Jalandhar |
Jalandhar North |
Doaba
|
| Jalandhar |
Jalandhar Cantt |
Doaba
|
| Jalandhar |
Adampur |
Doaba
|
| Hoshiarpur |
Mukerian |
Doaba
|
| Hoshiarpur |
Dasuya |
Doaba
|
| Hoshiarpur |
Urmar |
Doaba
|
| Hoshiarpur |
Sham Chaurasi |
Doaba
|
| Hoshiarpur |
Hoshiarpur |
Doaba
|
| Hoshiarpur |
Chabbewal |
Doaba
|
| Hoshiarpur |
Garhshankar |
Doaba
|
| Nawanshahr |
Banga |
Doaba
|
| Nawanshahr |
Nawanshahr |
Doaba
|
| Nawanshahr |
Balachaur |
Doaba
|
| Rup Nagar |
Anandpur Sahib |
Malwa
|
| Rup Nagar |
Rup Nagar |
Malwa
|
| Rup Nagar |
Chamkaur Sahib |
Malwa
|
| S.A.S. Nagar |
Kharar |
Malwa
|
| S.A.S. Nagar |
S.A.S. Nagar |
Malwa
|
| Fatehgarh Sahib |
Bassi Pathana |
Malwa
|
| Fatehgarh Sahib |
Fatehgarh Sahib |
Malwa
|
| Fatehgarh Sahib |
Amloh |
Malwa
|
| Ludhiana |
Khanna |
Malwa
|
| Ludhiana |
Samrala |
Malwa
|
| Ludhiana |
Sahnewal |
Malwa
|
| Ludhiana |
Ludhiana East |
Malwa
|
| Ludhiana |
Ludhiana South |
Malwa
|
| Ludhiana |
Atam Nagar |
Malwa
|
| Ludhiana |
Ludhiana Central |
Malwa
|
| Ludhiana |
Ludhiana West |
Malwa
|
| Ludhiana |
Ludhiana North |
Malwa
|
| Ludhiana |
Gill |
Malwa
|
| Ludhiana |
Payal |
Malwa
|
| Ludhiana |
Dakha |
Malwa
|
| Ludhiana |
Raikot |
Malwa
|
| Ludhiana |
Jagraon |
Malwa
|
| Moga |
Nihal Singh Wala |
Malwa
|
| Moga |
Bagha Purana |
Malwa
|
| Moga |
Moga |
Malwa
|
| Moga |
Dharamkot |
Malwa
|
| Firozpur |
Zira |
Malwa
|
| Firozpur |
Firozpur City |
Malwa
|
| Firozpur |
Firozpur Rural |
Malwa
|
| Firozpur |
Guru Har Sahai |
Malwa
|
| Fazilka |
Jalalabad |
Malwa
|
| Fazilka |
Fazilka |
Malwa
|
| Fazilka |
Abohar |
Malwa
|
| Fazilka |
Balluana |
Malwa
|
| Muktsar |
Lambi |
Malwa
|
| Muktsar |
Gidderbaha |
Malwa
|
| Muktsar |
Malout |
Malwa
|
| Muktsar |
Muktsar |
Malwa
|
| Faridkot |
Faridkot |
Malwa
|
| Faridkot |
Kot Kapura |
Malwa
|
| Faridkot |
Jaito |
Malwa
|
| Bathinda |
Rampura Phul |
Malwa
|
| Bathinda |
Bhucho Mandi |
Malwa
|
| Bathinda |
Bathinda |
Malwa
|
| Bathinda |
Bathinda Rural |
Malwa
|
| Bathinda |
Talwandi Sabo |
Malwa
|
| Bathinda |
Maur |
Malwa
|
| Mansa |
Mansa |
Malwa
|
| Mansa |
Sardulgarh |
Malwa
|
| Mansa |
Budhlada |
Malwa
|
| Sangrur |
Lehra |
Malwa
|
| Sangrur |
Dirba |
Malwa
|
| Sangrur |
Sunam |
Malwa
|
| Barnala |
Bhadaur |
Malwa
|
| Barnala |
Barnala |
Malwa
|
| Barnala |
Mehal Kalan |
Malwa
|
| Sangrur |
Malerkotla |
Malwa
|
| Sangrur |
Amargarh |
Malwa
|
| Sangrur |
Dhuri |
Malwa
|
| Sangrur |
Sangrur |
Malwa
|
| Patiala |
Nabha |
Malwa
|
| Patiala |
Patiala Rural |
Malwa
|
| Patiala |
Rajpura |
Malwa
|
| S.A.S. Nagar |
Dera Bassi |
Malwa
|
| Patiala |
Ghanaur |
Malwa
|
| Patiala |
Sanaur |
Malwa
|
| Patiala |
Patiala |
Malwa
|
| Patiala |
Samana |
Malwa
|
| Patiala |
Shutrana |
Malwa
|
Distribution of seats
Distribution per district
| District |
Seats
|
INC
|
AAP
|
SAD
|
Others
|
| Ludhiana |
14
|
8
|
3
|
1
|
2
|
| Amritsar |
11
|
10
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
| Jalandhar |
9
|
5
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
| Patiala |
8
|
7
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
| Gurdaspur |
7
|
6
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
| Hoshiarpur |
7
|
6
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
| Sangrur |
7
|
4
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
| Bathinda |
6
|
3
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
| Fazilka |
4
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
| Firozpur |
4
|
4
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
| Kapurthala |
4
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
| Moga |
4
|
3
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
| Muktsar |
4
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
| Tarn Taran |
4
|
4
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
| Barnala |
3
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
| Faridkot |
3
|
1
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
| Fatehgarh Sahib |
3
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
| Mansa |
3
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
| Nawanshahr |
3
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
| Pathankot |
3
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
| Rup Nagar |
3
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
| S.A.S. Nagar |
3
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
| Sum |
117
|
77
|
20
|
15
|
5(LIP+BJP)
|
Distribution per region
| Region |
Seats
|
INC
|
AAP
|
SAD
|
Others
|
| Malwa |
69
|
40
|
18
|
8
|
3
|
| Majha |
25
|
22
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
| Doaba |
23
|
15
|
2
|
5
|
1
|
| Sum |
117
|
77
|
20
|
15
|
5
|
Parties and Alliances
Others
Opinion polls
| Polling firm/Link
|
Date
|
SAD-BJP
|
INC
|
AAP
|
| style="background:Template:Party color;"|
|
style="background:Template:Party color;"|
|
style="background:Template:Party color" |
|
| HuffPost-CVoter [80]
|
Feb 2017
|
11
|
43
|
63
|
| AajTak-Axis
|
Jan 2017
|
11-15 (13)
|
60-65 (63)
|
41-44 (43)
|
| ABP News-CSDS
|
Jan 2017
|
28-36 (32)
|
47-55 (51)
|
26-34 (30)
|
| TV24 News[81]
|
Jan 2017
|
20-25(22)
|
27-35(31)
|
70-80(75)
|
| VDP Associates [82]
|
Jan 2017
|
7
|
44
|
62
|
| The Week-Hansa Research [83]
|
Jan 2017
|
28-30 (29)
|
49-51 (50)
|
33-35 (34)
|
| India Today-Axis [84]
|
Jan 2017
|
18-22 (20)
|
56-62 (59)
|
36-41 (39)
|
| Lokniti-ABP-CSDS [85]
|
Jan 2017
|
50-58 (54)
|
41-49 (45)
|
12-18 (15)
|
| Polls average from January 2017
to 2 February 2017
|
24
|
48
|
45
|
| VDP Associates [86]Template:Deep link
|
Oct 2016
|
6
|
15
|
93
|
| Axis - India Today [87]
|
Oct 2016
|
17-21 (19)
|
49-55 (52)
|
42-46 (44)
|
| TV24 India [88]Template:Deep link
|
Aug 2016
|
20-25 (23)
|
27-35 (31)
|
70-80 (75)
|
| HuffPost-C Voter
|
Mar 2016
|
06-12(9)
|
08-14(11)
|
94-100(97)
|
| Polls average till Oct 2016
|
20
|
40
|
57
|
Exit polls
Results
Seat Share
Template:Pie chart
Vote Share
Template:Pie chart
Detailed Result
| Parties and coalitions
|
Popular vote
|
Seats
|
| Votes
|
%
|
±pp
|
Contested
|
Won
|
+/−
|
| bgcolor="Template:Party color"|
|
Indian National Congress (INC)
|
59,45,899
|
38.5
|
Template:Decrease1.4
|
117
|
77
|
Template:Increase31
|
| bgcolor="Template:Party color"|
|
Aam Aadmi Party (AAP)
|
36,62,665
|
23.7
|
Template:Increase23.7
|
112
|
20
|
Template:Increase20
|
| bgcolor="Template:Party color"|
|
Shiromani Akali Dal (SAD)
|
38,98,161
|
25.2
|
Template:Decrease9.4
|
94
|
15
|
Template:Decrease41
|
| bgcolor="Template:Party color"|
|
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)
|
8,33,092
|
5.4
|
Template:Decrease1.8
|
23
|
3
|
Template:Decrease9
|
| bgcolor="Template:Party color"|
|
Independents (IND)
|
3,23,243
|
2.1
|
Template:Decrease5.0
|
303
|
0
|
Template:Decrease3
|
| bgcolor="Template:Party color"|
|
Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP)
|
2,34,400
|
1.5
|
Template:Decrease2.8
|
117
|
0
|
Template:Unchanged
|
| bgcolor="Template:Party color"|
|
Lok Insaaf Party (LIP)
|
1,89,228
|
1.2
|
Template:Increase1.2
|
5
|
2
|
Template:Increase2
|
| bgcolor="Template:Party color"|
|
Shiromani Akali Dal (M) SAD(M)
|
49,260
|
0.3
|
Template:Unchanged
|
54
|
0
|
Template:Unchanged
|
| bgcolor="Template:Party color"|
|
Aapna Punjab Party (APPA)
|
37,476
|
0.2
|
Template:Unchanged
|
78
|
0
|
Template:Unchanged
|
| bgcolor="Template:Party color"|
|
Revolutionary Marxist Party of India (RMPOI)
|
37,243
|
0.2
|
Template:Unchanged
|
13
|
0
|
Template:Unchanged
|
| bgcolor="Template:Party color"|
|
Communist Party of India (CPI)
|
34,074
|
0.2
|
Template:Decrease0.6
|
23
|
0
|
Template:Unchanged
|
|
|
None of the above (NOTA)
|
108,471
|
0.7
|
Template:Increase0.7
|
colspan="2" Template:N/A
|
Template:Unchanged
|
|
|
| Total
|
1,54,43,466 |
100.00 |
|
117 |
±0
|
|
|
| Valid votes
|
1,54,43,466
|
99.87
|
|
| Invalid votes
|
19,337
|
0.13
|
| Votes cast / turnout
|
1,54,62,803
|
77.20
|
| Abstentions
|
45,66,843
|
22.80
|
| Registered voters
|
2,00,29,646
|
|
| Result of Punjab Legislative Assembly election 2017 (pdf)
|
Results By region
Results By district
List of winning candidates
On March 11, 2017, the results of the Punjab Assembly elections were declared and the Akali-BJP coalition was defeated. Punjab Chief Minister Prakash Singh Badal resigned in next 12 days.[92]
On March 16, 2017, Capt. Amarinder Singh was sworn in as the 26th Chief Minister of Punjab, along with nine of his cabinet ministers.[93]
Bypolls 2017-2021
See also
References
- ↑ Punjab Elections 2017, Quint, The. The Quint(12 February 2017).
- ↑ Punjab Assembly Election Results 2017 | Election Winners | Election Results Live Update Punjab | Indian National Congress | Bharatiya Janata Party | BJP | Bahujan Samaj Party | Samajwadi Party | Onmanorama. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
- ↑ Why is BJP keen on retaining Akali alliance in Punjab?, Khanna, Rajeev. CatchNews(13 February 2016). Retrieved 2016-08-25.
- ↑ BJP gets ready to bargain for more seats in Punjab. The Hindu(2015-12-29). Retrieved 2016-08-25.
- ↑ Punjab, Goa Assembly elections 2017: 78.6% polling in Punjab, Goa sees 82.3% turnout(5 February 2017).
- ↑ 7 lakh youngsters yet to register with Election Commission(6 April 2016). Retrieved 6 July 2016.
- ↑ 2017 Assembly Polls: Voters Won't Have To Travel More Than 2 km To Cast Vote In Punjab. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
- ↑ After Mayawati, Arvind Kejriwal says 'no' to EVMs. The Times of India.
- ↑ Paper-trail voting machines a ‘nightmare’, says Punjab chief electoral officer after glitches. Hindustan Times(2017-02-04). Retrieved 2022-01-07.
- ↑ Punjab polls: Afraid of leaving trail, voters uneasy about VVPAT machines(27 January 2017).
- ↑ VVPAT to be used in 35 Assembly segments in Punjab: CEO. Business Standard India(4 January 2017).
- ↑ Upgraded EVMs in 22 segments for 2017 poll.
- ↑ Atam Nagar, Raikot constituencies to get special electronic voting machines.
- ↑ AnnexureVI VVPAT Page 24.
- ↑ Punjab polls: In high-profile seats, EC leaves no scope for rivals to complain(30 December 2016).
- ↑ Punjab assembly polls: The complete fact sheet. The Times of India.
- ↑ Details of Assembly Segments of Parliamentary Constituencies - General Elections, 2014 - 16th Lok Sabha (page 946 of 1698). Election Commission of India.
- ↑ 2014 Parliamentary Elections in Punjab - Explaining the Electoral Success of Aam Aadmi Party, Kumar, Ashutosh (Panjab University). Journal of Punjab Studies, University of California, Santa Barbara 21(1!):113-127(Spring) 2014(2016).
- ↑ AAP to contest in Punjab polls in 2017(29 December 2015). Retrieved 30 May 2016.
- ↑ AAP won 33 of 117 assembly seats. hindustantimes.com/(2014-05-18). Retrieved 2016-12-30.
- ↑ Bains brothers forge alliance with AAP. oneindia.com(21 November 2016).
- ↑ Punjab poll results: No CM face, ‘radical link’ did AAP in. Hindustan Times(12 March 2017). Retrieved 19 January 2022.
- ↑ Prashant Kishor meets Capt Amarinder, discusses strategy for Punjab elections(6 February 2016). Retrieved 30 May 2016.
- ↑ Congress Losing Assam Is Big Score For Prashant Kishor, Say Supporters(26 May 2016). Retrieved 30 May 2016.
- ↑ The BSP had its vote share increased from 4.13 percent to 4.30 percent -- a rise by 0.17 per cent..
- ↑ BSP to start Punjab Bachao Abhiyaan from November 1.
- ↑ About Balachaur Assembly Constituency.
- ↑ BSP to go it alone in 2017 Punjab polls: Mayawati in Nawanshahr.
- ↑ Mayawati says BSP to fight upcoming state elections alone.
- ↑ 'BSP to contest all 117 seats in Punjab'.
- ↑ Now, BSP claims to root out drugs from state in a month.
- ↑ Nothing wrong with 'Udta Punjab': Mayawati.
- ↑ BSP plans door-to-door drive to woo non-Dalits.
- ↑ Punjab: Ahead of 2017 polls, BSP promises 10pc quota for 'poor upper castes'.
- ↑ BSP takes to social media ahead of Punjab polls.
- ↑ BSP chooses Vienna to woo NRIs settled abroad.
- ↑ BSP takes its campaign abroad for the first time to woo NRIs.
- ↑ Ambedkar Sena Punjab merges with Bahujan Samaj Party.
- ↑ Gurmel Chander joins BSP.
- ↑ BSP announces Nine Candidates for Punjab (List available).
- ↑ Karimpuri resigns as Punjab BSP chief, named party nominee from Phillaur.
- ↑ BSP replaces Punjab president Avtar Singh Karimpuri.
- ↑ Karimpuri's entry spices up political battle in Phillaur.
- ↑ Not alliance, congress wants to finish BSP in Punjab: Karimpuri.
- ↑ BSP's base growing in Punjab: Rashpal Raju.
- ↑ 'Going alone would benefit BSP in state'.
- ↑ Behind AAP's popularity in Punjab: NRIs and a changing social structure, Ashraf, Ajaz. Scroll.in(22 January 2016). Retrieved 2016-08-25.
- ↑ SGPC doesn't play into hands of Badals: Jagir Kaur. The Tribune(11 August 2016). Retrieved 24 August 2016.
- ↑ Punjab Boils Over After The Limbs Of Two Dalit Men Are Chopped Off Allegedly At An Akali Dal Leader's Farmhouse!.
- ↑ Punjab Dalit 'atrocities' echo in RS, Oppn flays Badal govt.
- ↑ BSP says Punjab govt a meek spectator to Dalit atrocities.
- ↑ Punjab dalit voters in spotlight.
- ↑ 'SIT probing 1984 Sikh riots set to open Pandora's box before Punjab polls. Business-standard.com(13 June 2016). Retrieved 6 July 2016.
- ↑ Sloth, stupor and shame in Punjab | OPEN Magazine, Srivastava, Mihir. OPEN Magazine(27 June 2014). Retrieved 2016-08-25.
- ↑ Why every political party in Punjab loves a drug addict(July 2016). Retrieved 6 July 2016.
- ↑ Reckless Media Coverage Has Ignored Real Problems of Drug Abuse in Punjab - The Wire. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
- ↑ Punjab assembly elections: Overseas Sikhs and Punjabis emerge as key influencers - The Economic Times. Economictimes.indiatimes.com. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
- ↑ Census 2011: %age of Sikhs drops in Punjab; migration to blame?, Mohan, Vibhor. The Times of India(27 August 2015). Retrieved 6 September 2015.
- ↑ Punjab Religion Data - Census 2011. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
- ↑ Scheduled Caste Population In Punjab. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
- ↑ Saini, Swarnkar/Sunar communities to be backward classes in Punjab.
- ↑ Common List of OBCs State PUNJAB. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
- ↑ CENTRAL LIST OF OBCs FOR THE STATE OF PUNJAB. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
- ↑ 64.0 64.1 Quota will have little impact in Punjab. The Tribune(2019-01-11). Retrieved 2019-12-30.
- ↑ Dalit votes to decide ruling party of Punjab : North, News - India Today. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
- ↑ 'Centre not releasing caste census data because it doesn't want to face Mandal II'. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
- ↑ Centre releases census data on religion, hides caste figures(26 August 2015). Retrieved 6 July 2016.
- ↑ Before releasing caste numbers, the government needs to account for discrepancies in data. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
- ↑ Caste-based Census data should be made public, demand Bihar CM Nitish Kumar - The Hindu. Thehindu.com(24 June 2016). Retrieved 6 July 2016.
- ↑ Punjab Cabinet to discuss rolling back backward status for Sikh Rajputs. The Indian Express(2017-12-27). Retrieved 2018-07-30.
- ↑ Saini, Swarnkar/Sunar communities to be backward classes in Punjab. The Indian Express(2016-09-10). Retrieved 2019-12-08.
- ↑ CENTRAL LIST OF OBCs FOR THE STATE OF PUNJAB. ncbc.nic.in.
- ↑ SCs, STs form 25% of population, says Census 2011 data. The Indian Express(1 May 2013). Retrieved 20 March 2018.
- ↑ PUNJAB DATA HIGHLIGHTS: THE SCHEDULED CASTES. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
- ↑ The Jats in Punjab comprise 21 per cent population - India Today. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
- ↑ History - Khatri Sabha NCR. khatrisabhancr.com. Retrieved 2018-07-30.
- ↑ Census Reference Tables, C-Series Population by religious communities. censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 2019-08-18.
- ↑ Punjab Assembly Eelections 2017. Retrieved 6 February 2017.
- ↑ Announcement: Schedule for the General Elections to the Legislative Assemblies of Goa, Manipur, Punjab, Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh. Election Commission of India(4 January 2017). Retrieved 4 January 2017.
- ↑ HuffPost-CVoter Pre-Poll Survey: Aam Aadmi Party Set To Win Punjab, Hung Assembly In Goa. Huffington Post(2017-02-02).
- ↑ Template:Cite tweet
- ↑ VDP Associates predict AAP Government in Punjab. India.com. Retrieved 2017-01-30.
- ↑ Vote for instability. theweek.in. Retrieved 2017-01-30.
- ↑ India Today-Axis Opinion Poll on Punjab: Congress to make stunning comeback, AAP second largest party.
- ↑ BJP-SAD, Congress neck and neck in Punjab, AAP distant third: Lokniti-ABP News survey(4 January 2017). Retrieved 4 January 2017.
- ↑ VDP Associates. Twitter.
- ↑ IndiaToday-Axis Opinion Poll of Punjab,October 2016.
- ↑ TV24India. Twitter.
- ↑ Punjab State Assembly Elections 2017 - Post Poll Analysis. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
- ↑ Punjab exit poll: Akalis, BJP out; Congress, AAP neck and neck | Punjab Election News - Times of India. The Times of India.
- ↑ Punjab exit poll: AAP will open its account with majority.
- ↑ Latest Business and Financial News : The Economic Times on mobile. m.economictimes.com. Retrieved 2022-01-07.
- ↑ ਕੈਪਟਨ ਅਮਰਿੰਦਰ ਸਿੰਘ ਬਣੇ ਪੰਜਾਬ ਦੇ 26ਵੇੰ ਮੁੱਖ ਮੰਤਰੀ
- ↑ India News in Punjabi: Punjabi News Online, Today's News – News18 इंडिया. News18 Punjab. Retrieved 2022-01-07.
- ↑ ਕਾਂਗਰਸ ਪਾਰਟੀ ਨੇ ਜਿੱਤੀਆਂ 3 ਅਤੇ ਅਕਾਲੀ ਦੇ ਹਿੱਸੇ ਸਿਰਫ ਦਾਖਾ, ਸੁਖਬੀਰ ਹੱਥੋਂ ਨਿਕਲਿਆ ਜਲਾਲਾਬਾਦ
External links
Template:Punjab (India) elections