The Mughal Empire was founded in 1526 by Babur. He defeated Ibrahim Lodi in the First Battle of Panipat, marking the beginning of Mughal dominance. Babur went on to defeat the powerful Rajput confederacy of Rana Sanga in his decisive victory in the Battle of Khanwa, which solidified Mughal rule in India. The empire continued to expand, reaching its greatest territorial extent during the reign of Aurangzeb.
Background
The Mughal Empire was founded by Babur (Template:Reign), a Central Asian ruler descended from the Turco-Mongol conqueror Timur on his father's side and Genghis Khan on his mother's. After being ousted from his ancestral domains in Central Asia, Babur turned to India to pursue his ambitions. Establishing himself in Kabul, he advanced southward in India through the Khyber Pass. Babur's forces defeated Ibrahim Lodhi in the First Battle of Panipat. By this time, however, Lodhi's empire was already weakning, while the Rajput Confederacy led by the capable Rana Sanga of Mewar, remained the strongest power in the northern India.
Rana Sanga defeated Babur in the Battle of Bayana. However, in a decisive battle fought near Agra, Babur’s Timurid forces defeated Sanga’s Rajput army in the Battle of Khanwa. This battle was one of the most significant and historic battles in Indian history, as it determined the fate of Northern India for the next two centuries. The Mughal Empire reached its greatest extent during the reign of Aurangzeb.[1]
Babur
| Name of conflict(time) | Belligerent | opponent | outcome |
|---|---|---|---|
| First Battle of Panipat (21 April 1526) |
Template:Flagicon image Mughal Empire | Template:FlagiconDelhi Sultanate | Mughal victory
|
| Battle of Bayana (21 February 1527) |
Template:Flagicon image Mughal Empire | File:In mewar-state.png Rajput Confederation | Rajput victory |
| Battle of Khanwa (16 March 1527) |
Template:Flagicon image Mughal Empire | File:In mewar-state.pngRajput Confederation | Mughal victory |
| Battle of Chanderi (20 January 1528) |
Template:Flagicon image Mughal Empire | File:In mewar-state.pngRajput | Mughal victory
|
| Battle of Ghaghra (6 May 1529) |
Template:Flagicon image Mughal Empire | Bengal Sultanate | Mughal victory
|
Humayun
| Name of conflict(time) | Belligerent | opponent | outcome |
|---|---|---|---|
| Battle of Chausa (26 June 1539) |
Mughal Empire | Sur Empire | Sur victory |
| Battle of Kannauj (17 May 1540) |
Mughal Empire | Sur Empire | Sur victory
|
| Battle of Machhiwara (15 May 1555) |
Mughal Empire | Sur Empire | Mughal victory |
| Battle of Sirhind (22 June 1555) | Mughal Empire | Sur Empire | Mughal victory
|
Akbar
Jahangir
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Shah Jahan
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Aurangzeb
Bahadur Shah I and Farrukhsiyar
Muhammad Shah
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Later battles of the Mughal Empire during its decline
See also
References
- ↑ Mughal Empire in India: A Systematic Study Including Source Material{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Atlantic Publishers & Dist(1999). ISBN 978-81-7156-818-5
- ↑ Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency: pt. 2. History of the Konkan Dakhan and Southern Marátha country{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Government Central Press(1896)
- ↑ The Sikh religion, its gurus, sacred writings, and authors Volume 5{{#if:Macauliffe|, Macauliffe}(1909)
- ↑ Historical Dictionary of Sikhism{{#if:McLeod|, McLeod}. Rowman & Littlefield(2014). ISBN 9781442236011
- ↑ Madhya Pradesh Through the Ages{{#if:Ralhan, O.P.|, Ralhan, O.P.}. Sarup & Sons.(2008). ISBN 9788176258067
- ↑ Jaipur And The Later Mughals{{#if:Tikkiwal|, Tikkiwal}(1974)
- ↑ Rise Of The Peshwas (1954){{#if:Sinha H. N.|, Sinha H. N.}(1954)
- ↑ Advanced Study in the History of Modern India Vol. 1{{#if:|, {{{last}}}}. Lotus Press(2005). ISBN 978-81-89093-06-8
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Template:Google books
External links
- History of India, as Told by Its Own Historians: Vol 5: the Muhammadan Period{{#if:Elliot (Sir)|, Elliot (Sir)}. AMS Press(1966)
- The History of India: The Hindú and Mahometan Periods{{#if:Elphinstone|, Elphinstone}. J. Murray(1889)