1998 Indian general election in Kerala

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The 1998 Indian general election were held to elect 20 members to the twelfth Lok Sabha from Kerala.[1] Indian National Congress (INC)-led United Democratic Front (UDF) won 11 seats, while the Left Democratic Front (LDF), led by Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) won the remaining 9 seats.[2] The earlier election in 1996 saw both alliances win equal share of seats. Turnout for the election was at 70.66%[3]

Background

The ruling LDF government in the state faced infightings, especially among V. S. Achuthanandan and CITU as the former was denied the Chief Ministerial post. KSKTU launched agitations against paddy field reclamation, which spiraled into a law and order issue. The state High Court directed the government to return the crop fields to the farmers. M. L. Ahuja cited "an element of militancy" and "disregard for democratic forms of agitations" among the CPI(M) activists during the agitation.

Alliances and parties

[4]

UDF is a Kerala legislative alliance formed by INC veteran K. Karunakaran. LDF comprises primarily of CPI(M) and the CPI, forming the Left Front in the national level. Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), leading National Democratic Alliance (NDA) at national level contested in all 20 seats.

United Democratic Front

No. Party Election Symbol Seats Contested
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Party color;color:white" |1. Indian National Congress File:Hand INC.svg 17
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Party color;color:white" |2. Indian Union Muslim League File:Indian Election Symbol Lader.svg 2
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Party color;color:white" |3. Kerala Congress (M) File:Indian Election Symbol Two Leaves.svg 1

Left Democratic Front

No. Party Election Symbol Seats Contested
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Party color;color:white" |1. Communist Party of India (Marxist)
Key
Key
 9
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Party color;color:white" |2. Communist Party of India
Star
Star
 4
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Party color;color:white" |3. Revolutionary Socialist Party File:Indian Election Symbol Spade and Stoker.png 1
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Party color;color:black" |4. Independents File:Blank.svg 3
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Party color;color:white" |5. Janata Dal File:Janata Dal symbol.svg 2
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Party color;color:black" |6. Kerala Congress File:Indian Election Symbol Cycle.png 1

National Democratic Alliance

No. Party Election Symbol Seats Contested
style="text-align:center; background:Template:Party color" |1. Bharatiya Janata Party File:Lotos flower symbol.svg 20

List of Candidates

Constituency colspan="3" style="background:Template:Party color" |UDF colspan="3" style="background:Template:Party color" |LDF colspan="3" style="background:Template:Party color" |BJP
No. Name Party Candidate Party Candidate Party Candidate
1 Kasaragod Template:Party name with colour Khader Mangad Template:Party name with colour T. Govindan Template:Party name with colour P.K. Krishna Das
2 Cannanore Template:Party name with colour Mullappally Ramachandran Template:Party name with colour A. C. Shanmughadas Template:Party name with colour P. C. Mohanan Master
3 Badagara Template:Party name with colour P. M. Suresh Babu Template:Party name with colour A. K. Premajam Template:Party name with colour Chettoor Balakrishnan Master
4 Calicut Template:Party name with colour P. Sankaran Template:Party name with colour M. P. Veerendra Kumar Template:Party name with colour P. S. Sreedharan Pillai
5 Manjeri Template:Party name with colour E. Ahamed Template:Party name with colour Adv. K. V. Salahuddin Template:Party name with colour Prof. Sumathy Haridas
6 Ponnani Template:Party name with colour G.M. Banatwalla Template:Party name with colour Minu Mumthas Template:Party name with colour Ahalliya Sankar
7 Palghat Template:Party name with colour V.S. Vijayaraghavan Template:Party name with colour N. N. Krishnadas Template:Party name with colour Prof. T.C. Govindan
8 Ottapalam (SC) Template:Party name with colour Prof. K.K. Vijayalakshmi Template:Party name with colour S. Ajaya Kumar Template:Party name with colour P.M. Velayudhan
9 Trichur Template:Party name with colour K. Muraleedharan Template:Party name with colour V.V. Raghavan Template:Party name with colour P.M. Gopinadhan
10 Mukundapuram Template:Party name with colour A.C. Jose Template:Party name with colour P. Govindappillai Template:Party name with colour P.D. Purushothaman Master
11 Ernakulam Template:Party name with colour Adv. George Eden Template:Party name with colour Sebastian Paul Template:Party name with colour V.V. Augustine
12 Muvattupuzha Template:Party name with colour P. C. Thomas Template:Party name with colour Mathew John Template:Party name with colour Adv. Narayanan Namboothiri
13 Kottayam Template:Party name with colour Ramesh Chennithala Template:Party name with colour K. Suresh Kurup Template:Party name with colour Adv. George Kurian
14 Idukki Template:Party name with colour P. C. Chacko Template:Party name with colour K. Francis George Template:Party name with colour Adv. D. Asokakumar
15 Alleppey Template:Party name with colour V. M. Sudheeran Template:Party name with colour Adv. C.S. Sujatha Template:Party name with colour T.L. Radhamma
16 Mavelikara Template:Party name with colour P. J. Kurien Template:Party name with colour Ninan Koshy Template:Party name with colour Rajan Moolaveettil
17 Adoor (SC) Template:Party name with colour Kodikunnil Suresh Template:Party name with colour Chengara Surendran Template:Party name with colour Kainakary Janardhanan
18 Quilon Template:Party name with colour K.C. Rajan Template:Party name with colour N. K. Premachandran Template:Party name with colour Dr. Raichel Matthai
19 Chirayinkil Template:Party name with colour M. M. Hassan Template:Party name with colour Varkala Radhakrishnan Template:Party name with colour T.M. Viswambharan
20 Trivandrum Template:Party name with colour K. Karunakaran Template:Party name with colour K. V. Surendranath Template:Party name with colour Kerala Varma Raja

List of elected MPs

[5]

No. Constituency Name of Elected M.P. Party affiliation
1 Kasaragod T. Govindan CPI(M)
2 Kannur Mullappally Ramachandran INC
3 Vatakara A. K. Premajam CPI(M)
4 Kozhikode P. Sankaran INC
5 Manjeri E. Ahamed IUML
6 Ponnani G. M. Banatwala IUML
7 Palakkad N. N. Krishnadas CPI(M)
8 Ottapalam S. Ajaya Kumar CPI(M)
9 Thrissur V. V. Raghavan CPI
10 Mukundapuram A. C. Jose INC
11 Ernakulam George Eden INC
12 Muvattupuzha P. C. Thomas KC(M)
13 Kottayam K. Suresh Kurup CPI(M)
14 Idukki P. C. Chacko KEC
15 Alappuzha V. M. Sudheeran INC
16 Mavelikkara P. J. Kurien INC
17 Adoor Chengara Surendran CPI
18 Kollam N. K. Premachandran RSP
19 Chirayankil Varkala Radhakrishnan CPI(M)
20 Thiruvananthapuram K. Karunakaran INC

Results

Performance of political parties

[6]Template:Pie chart

No. Party Political Front Seats Votes %Votes ±pp
1 Indian National Congress UDF 8 57,46,566 38.67% Template:Increase0.66
2 Communist Party of India (Marxist) LDF 4 31,21,636 21% Template:Decrease0.16
3 Communist Party of India LDF 2 12,35,761 8.32% Template:Increase0.10
4 Bharatiya Janata Party NDA 0 11,92,046 8.02% Template:Increase2.41
5 Indian Union Muslim League UDF 2 7,45,070 5.01% Template:Decrease0.07
6 Janata Dal LDF 0 5,80,094 3.90% Template:Decrease0.50
7 Revolutionary Socialist Party LDF 1 3,96,145 2.67% Template:Increase0.17
8 Kerala Congress (M) UDF 1 3,56,168 2.40% Template:Decrease0.26
9 Kerala Congress LDF 0 3,27,649 2.20% Template:Decrease0.03
10 Indian National League none 0 80,333 0.54% Template:Increase0.53
11 Peoples Democratic Party none 0 40,972 0.28% Template:Decrease0.17
12 Bahujan Samaj Party none 0 19,475 0.1% Template:Decrease0.05
13 Shiv Sena none 0 3,290 0.02% Template:Nochange
14 Janata Party none 0 1,164 0.01% Template:Nochange
15 Nagaland Peoples Party none 0 1,066 0.01% Template:Nochange
16 The Humanist Party Of India none 0 765 0.01% new
17 Samata Party none 0 558 0.00% Template:Decrease0.01
Independents 2 10,13,067 6.82% Template:Decrease0.15

By constituency

[7]

No. Constituency UDF candidate Votes % Party LDF candidate Votes % Party NDA candidate Votes % Party Winning alliance Margin
1 Kasaragod Khader Mangad 3,47,670 39.9% INC T. Govindan 3,95,910 45.4% CPI(M) P. K. Krishnadas 1,03,093 11.8% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |LDF 48,240
2 Kannur Mullappally Ramachandran 3,80,465 46.2% INC A .C. Shanmukhadas 3,78,285 45.9% IND P. C. Mohanan 42,760 5.2% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |UDF 2,180
3 Vatakara P. M. Suresh Babu 3,48,715 41.3% INC A. K. Premajam 4,07,876 48.3% CPI(M) Chettoor Balakrishnan 69,564 8.2% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |LDF 59,161
4 Kozhikode P. Sankaran 3,56,392 45.0% INC M. P. Veerendra Kumar 3,37,735 42.6% JD P. C. Mohanan 83,862 10.1% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |UDF 18,657
5 Manjeri E. Ahamed 4,00,609 49.3% IUML K. V. Salahuddin 2,94,600 36.2% CPI(M) Sumathy Haridas 79,546 9.8% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |UDF 1,06,009
6 Ponnani G. M. Banatwalla 3,44,461 49.7% IUML Minu Mumthas 2,40,217 34.7% CPI Ahalliya Sankar 65,008 9.4% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |UDF 1,04,244
7 Palakkad V. S. Vijayaraghavan 3,20,941 43.1% INC N. N. Krishnadas 3,45,963 46.4% CPI(M) T. C. Govindan 61,419 8.2% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |LDF 25,022
8 Ottapalam K. K. Vijayalakshmi 3,15,576 43.7% INC S. Ajayakumar 3,35,376 46.5% CPI(M) P. M. Velayudhan 63,185 8.8% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |LDF 19,800
9 Thrissur K. Muraleedharan 3,47,945 46.2% INC V. V. Raghavan 3,38,996 45.1% CPI P. D. Purushothaman 54,479 7.2% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |LDF 18,409
10 Mukundapuram A. C. Jose 3,97,156 50.1% INC P. Govinda Pillai 3,44,693 43.5% CPI(M) M. S. Muraleedharan 30,779 3.9% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |UDF 8,949
11 Ernakulam George Eden 3,89,387 50.2% INC Sebastian Paul 3,14,879 40.6% IND V. V. Augustine 62,262 8.0% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |UDF 74,508
12 Muvattupuzha P. C. Thomas 3,56,168 53.9% KC(M) Mathew John 2,42,359 36.7% JD Narayanan Namboothiri 50,738 7.7% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |UDF 1,13,809
13 Kottayam Ramesh Chennithala 3,30,447 45.9% INC K. Suresh Kurup 3,35,893 46.7% CPI(M) George Kurian 42,830 5.9% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |LDF 5,446
14 Idukki P. C. Chacko 3,33,999 46.4% INC K. Francis George 3,27,649 45.6% KEC D. Asokakumar 46,130 6.4% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |UDF 6,350
15 Alappuzha V. M. Sudheeran 3,86,180 50.5% INC C. S. Sujatha 3,45,543 45.2% CPI(M) T. L. Radhamma 27,010 3.5% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |UDF 40,637
16 Mavelikkara P. J. Kurien 2,75,001 44.0% INC Ninan Koshy 2,73,740 43.8% IND Rajan Moolaveettil 68,450 11.0% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |UDF 1,261
17 Adoor Kodikunnil Suresh 3,16,292 45.8% INC Chengara Surendran 3,33,297 48.2% CPI Kainakary Janardhanan 34,816 5.0% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |LDF 17,005
18 Kollam K. C. Rajan 3,24,383 42.4% INC N. K. Premachandran 3,96,145 51.8% RSP Raichel Matthai 36,916 4.8% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |LDF 71,762
19 Chirayinkil M. M. Hassan 3,13,937 45.1% INC Varkala Radhakrishnan 3,21,479 46.2% CPI(M) T. M. Viswambharan 47,249 6.8% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |LDF 7,542
20 Trivandrum K. Karunakaran 3,37,429 44.0% INC K. V. Surendranath 3,22,031 42.0% CPI Kerala Varma Raja 94,303 12.3% BJP style="background:Template:Party color" |UDF 15,398

See also

References

  1. ↑ General Election, 1998.
  2. ↑ PC: Kerala 1998.Template:Dead link
  3. ↑ STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTIONS, 1998 TO THE 12th LOK SABHA.
  4. ↑ PC: Alliances Kerala 1998.
  5. ↑ Indian Parliament Elections 1998: Kerala Winners, Roy Mathew. keralaassembly.org. Retrieved 2020-09-15.
  6. ↑ PC: Party-wise performance for 1998 Kerala.
  7. ↑ PC: Kerala 1998.Template:Dead link

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