Leh district

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Leh district

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Settlement type District of Ladakh administered by India[1]
Country India
State
District
Subdivision

Leh district is a district in Indian-administered Ladakh in the disputed Kashmir-region.[1] Ladakh is an Indian-administered union territory. With an area of 45,110 km2, it is the second largest district in the country, second only to Kutch. It is bounded on the north by Gilgit-Baltistan's Kharmang and Ghanche districts and Xinjiang's Kashgar Prefecture and Hotan Prefecture, to which it connects via the historic Karakoram Pass. Aksai Chin and Tibet are to the east, Kargil district to the west, and Lahul and Spiti to the south. The district headquarters is in Leh. It lies between 32 and 36 degree north latitude and 75 to 80 degree east longitude.

All of Ladakh was under the administration of Leh until 1 July 1979, when the Kargil and Leh administrative districts were created. Religion has been a source of grievance between Buddhists and Muslims since the late 20th century and contributed to this division.[2]

In 2017, the district was declared a tobacco-free zone. The Directorate of Health Services Kashmir, under the National Tobacco Control Programme, began working towards the designation early in 2017 and the status was declared in August. Rehana Kousar (in-charge, NTCP, Kashmir) said that work was done with civil society, religious and women's groups and that a "major success was achieved by the involvement of women in the anti-tobacco campaign."[3]

In August 2019, the Parliament of India passed the act that contained provisions to make Leh a district of the new union territory of Ladakh, which was formed 31 October 2019.[4]

Administration

Leh district has seven sub-divisions and eight tehsils. The sub-divisions are: Nubra, Durbuk (Durbok), Khalatse (Khaltsi/Khalsi), Leh, Kharoo, Likir, Nyoma.[5] The tehsils are: Sumoor, Diskit, Durbuk, Khalatse, Saspol, Leh, Kharoo, and Nyoma.[6]

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As a result of The Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation (Removal of Difficulties) Second Order, 2019, Leh district claimed de jure jurisdiction over the following areas of Pakistani-administered Kashmir: Gilgit, Gilgit Wazarat, Chilas, and Tribal territory.[7]

The Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council, Leh (LAHDC Leh) is the Autonomous District Council that administers the Leh district.[8]

Sub–divisions, Blocks and Villages in Leh[9]
District Sub-Division Blocks Villages
Leh district Khaltsi Khaltsi Kanji, Khaltsi, Lamayuru, Leh Dho, Nurla, Skindiang, Takmachik, Temisgam, Tia
Singaylalok Photoksar, Lingshet, Wanla, Youl Chung
Skurbuchan Dah, Domkhar, Hanoo, Skur Buchan
Leh Chuchot Chuchot Yakma, Chuchot Gongma, Chuchot Shama, Mathoo, Stakna, Stok
Leh Phey, Saboo, Phyang, Spituk, Choglamsar
Thiksay Nang, Rambir Por, Shey, Thiksey
Nubra Diskit Diger, Diskit, Hundar, Hundar Dok, Hundri, Khalsar, Khardong, Khema Khungru, Lakjung, Largiab, Partapur, Skanpuk, Skuru, Tangyar, Terchey, Udmaru, Warisfistan
Panamic Chamshan Charasa, Khemi, Kubed, Panamic, Sumoor, Tiggar
Turtuk Bogdang, Chulungkha, Taksi, Thanga Chathang, Turtuk
Durbuk Durbuk Chushul, Durbuk, Kargyam, Man Pangong, Shachukul, Tangtse
Kharu Kharu Changa, Chemrey, Gia, Hemis, Igoo, Khargu, Langokor, Matselang, Miru, Phuktse, Serthi, Shang, Shara, Sharnose, Upshi
Likir Nimoo Bazgoo, Chiling Sumda, Likir, Ney, Nimoo, Rumbak, Skiumarkha, Taroo, Umla
Saspol Alchi, Giramangu, Saspochey, Suspol, Tarhipti, Hemishok Pachan
Nyoma Nyoma Anlay, Demjok, Koyul, Mood, Nyoma
Rong-Chumathang Chumathang, Himya, Kerey, Kumgyam, Liktse, Skitmang, Tarchit, Teri, Tukla
Rupsho-Puga Karzok, Kharnak, Samad Rakchan
Total 7 16 113

Demographics

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According to the 2011 census Leh district had a population of 133,487,[10] roughly equal to the nation of Saint Lucia.[11] This gives it a ranking of 609th in India (out of a total of 640).Template:Citation needed The district has a population density of Template:Convert. Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 13.87%, (it was 30.15% for 1991–2001).Template:Citation needed Leh has a sex ratio of 690 females for every 1000 males (this varies with religion), and a literacy rate of 77.2%.Template:Citation needed

Religion

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Leh district: religion, gender ratio, and % urban of population, according to the 2011 Census.[12]
Hindu Muslim Christian Sikh Buddhist Jain Other Not stated Total
Total 22,882 19,057 658 1,092 88,635 103 54 1,006 133,487
17.14% 14.28% 0.49% 0.82% 66.40% 0.08% 0.04% 0.75% 100.00%
Male 21,958 10,493 469 1,018 44,019 49 29 936 78,971
Female 924 8,564 189 74 44,616 54 25 70 54,516
Gender ratio (% female) 4.0% 44.9% 28.7% 6.8% 50.3% 52.4% 46.3% 7.0% 40.8%
Sex ratio
(no. females per 1,000 males) 		42 816 403 73 1,014 – – 75 690
Urban 14,542 5,169 358 927 24,023 24 53 575 45,671
Rural 8,340 13,888 300 165 64,612 79 1 431 87,816
% Urban 63.6% 27.1% 54.4% 84.9% 27.1% 23.3% 98.1% 57.2% 34.2%

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Languages

Template:Pie chartLadakhi is the most spoken language, and Hindi/Urdu is the second-largest language, mainly spoken in Leh. Balti is found in Nubra near the boundary with Gilgit-Baltistan. Tibetan, Punjabi, Marathi and Nepali are all mainly spoken in Leh. Urdu and English are widely understood in Leh.[2]

Politics

Parliamentary Constituency

The district falls under Ladakh (Lok Sabha constituency). The present Member of Parliament (MP) of Ladakh is Mohmad Haneefa (independent candidate).

Autonomous Hill Council

Leh District is administered by an elected body known as the Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council, Leh. The LAHDC was established in 1995.[13]

The latest elections were held in October 2020. The BJP secured 15 seats while the INC won 9 and the Independents won 2.

Transportation

Road

Leh is connected to the rest of India by two high-altitude roads both of which are subject to landslides and neither of which are passable in winter when covered by deep snows. The National Highway 1D from Srinagar via Kargil is generally open longer. The Leh-Manali Highway can be troublesome due to very high passes and plateaus, and the lower but landslide-prone Rohtang Pass near Manali. The third road axis is under construction.

The overland approach to Ladakh from the Kashmir valley via the 434-km. National Highway 1 typically remains open for traffic from June to October/November. The most dramatic part of this road journey is the ascent up the 3,505 m (11,500 ft.) high Zoji-la, a tortuous pass in the Great Himalayan Wall. The Jammu and Kashmir State Road Transport Corporation (JKSRTC) operates regular Deluxe and Ordinary bus services between Srinagar and Leh on this route with an overnight halt at Kargil. Taxis (cars and jeeps) are also available at Srinagar for the journey.

Since 1989, the 473-km Leh-Manali Highway has been serving as the second land approach to Ladakh. Open for traffic from June to late October, this high road traverses the upland desert plateaux of Rupsho whose altitude ranges from 3,660 m to 4,570 m. There are a number of high passes en route among which the highest one, known as Tanglang La, is sometimes (but incorrectly) claimed to be the world's second-highest motorable pass at an altitude of 5,325 m. (17,469 feet).[14]

This is the third road axis to Leh. It is currently under construction.

Air

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Kushok Bakula Rimpochee Airport

Leh's Leh Kushok Bakula Rimpochee Airport has flights to Delhi at least daily on Air India which also provides twice-weekly services to Jammu and a weekly flight to Srinagar. Passengers connect in Delhi for other destinations. Go First operates Delhi to Leh daily flights during peak time.

Rail

There is no railway service currently in Ladakh, however, 2 railway routes are proposed- the Bhanupli–Leh line and Srinagar–Kargil–Leh line.[15]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 The application of the term "administered" to the various regions of Kashmir and a mention of the Kashmir dispute is supported by the tertiary sources (a) through (e), reflecting due weight in the coverage. Although "controlled" and "held" are also applied neutrally to the names of the disputants or to the regions administered by them, as evidenced in sources (h) through (i) below, "held" is also considered politicized usage, as is the term "occupied," (see (j) below).
    (a) Kashmir, region Indian subcontinent. Encyclopaedia Britannica. (subscription required) Quote: "Kashmir, region of the northwestern Indian subcontinent ... has been the subject of dispute between India and Pakistan since the partition of the Indian subcontinent in 1947. The northern and western portions are administered by Pakistan and comprise three areas: Azad Kashmir, Gilgit, and Baltistan, the last two being part of a territory called the Northern Areas. Administered by India are the southern and southeastern portions, which constitute the state of Jammu and Kashmir but are slated to be split into two union territories.";
    (b) Aksai Chin, Plateau Region, Asia. Encyclopaedia Britannica. (subscription required) Quote: "Aksai Chin, Chinese (Pinyin) Aksayqin, portion of the Kashmir region, at the northernmost extent of the Indian subcontinent in south-central Asia. It constitutes nearly all the territory of the Chinese-administered sector of Kashmir that is claimed by India to be part of the Ladakh area of Jammu and Kashmir state.";
    (c) Encyclopedia Americana. Scholastic Library Publishing. C. E Bosworth, University of Manchester Quote: "KASHMIR, kash'mer, the northernmost region of the Indian subcontinent, administered partlv by India, partly by Pakistan, and partly by China. The region has been the subject of a bitter dispute between India and Pakistan since they became independent in 1947";
    (d) Encyclopedia of the United Nations and International Agreements: G to M. Taylor & Francis. Quote: "Jammu and Kashmir: Territory in northwestern India, subject to a dispute between India and Pakistan. It has borders with Pakistan and China."
    (e) A History of Modern South Asia: Politics, States, Diasporas. Yale University Press. Quote: "We move from a disputed international border to a dotted line on the map that represents a military border not recognized in international law. The line of control separates the Indian and Pakistani administered areas of the former Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir.";
    (f) [{{{url}}} Encyclopedia of Conflicts Since World War II]. Routledge.
    (g) [{{{url}}} The Difficult Politics of Peace: Rivalry in Modern South Asia]. Oxford University Press.
    (h) Kashmir: Roots of Conflict, Paths to Peace. Harvard University Press. Quote: "J&K: Jammu and Kashmir. The former princely state that is the subject of the Kashmir dispute. Besides IJK (Indian-controlled Jammu and Kashmir. The larger and more populous part of the former princely state. It has a population of slightly over 10 million, and comprises three regions: Kashmir Valley, Jammu, and Ladakh.) and AJK ('Azad" (Free) Jammu and Kashmir. The more populous part of Pakistani-controlled J&K, with a population of approximately 2.5 million.), it includes the sparsely populated "Northern Areas" of Gilgit and Baltistan, remote mountainous regions which are directly administered, unlike AJK, by the Pakistani central authorities, and some high-altitude uninhabitable tracts under Chinese control."
    (i) An Environmental History of India: From Earliest Times to the Twenty-First Century. Cambridge University Press. Quote: "Kashmir’s identity remains hotly disputed with a UN-supervised “Line of Control” still separating Pakistani-held Azad (“Free”) Kashmir from Indian-held Kashmir.";
    (j) Understanding Kashmir and Kashmiris. Oxford University Press. Quote:"Some politicised terms also are used to describe parts of J&K. These terms include the words 'occupied' and 'held'."
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Muslim Precedence Politics - How it operates in Ladakh. Kashmir Sentinel(August 2002).
  3. ↑ Leh Declared Tobacco-Free. The Tribune India. Retrieved 24 August 2017.
  4. ↑ Article 370 revoked Updates: Jammu & Kashmir is now a Union Territory, Lok Sabha passes bifurcation bill. Business Today(6 August 2019).
  5. ↑ Subdivisions & Blocks. District Leh - Ladakh.
  6. ↑ Leh tehsils.
  7. ↑ J&K Reorganisation (Removal of Difficulties) Second Order, 2019 -- [Territory of Leh district shall constitute, Gilgit, Gilgit Wazarat, Chilas, Tribal territory & 'Leh & Ladakh' except present territory of Kargil](2 November 2019).
  8. ↑ Ladakh Autonomous Hill development Council act 1997. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
  9. ↑ Villages | District Leh, Union Territory of Ladakh | India. District Leh - Ladakh – Government of India. Retrieved 2020-12-24.
  10. ↑ Leh district census data 2011. Retrieved 20 February 2019.
  11. ↑ Country Comparison:Population. Retrieved 2011-10-01.
  12. ↑ Template:Cite report
  13. ↑ Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council, Leh. Leh. Retrieved 2007-12-06.
  14. ↑ See the article on Khardung La for a discussion of the world's highest motorable passes.
  15. ↑ Himachal CM meets Union railway minister, seeks 100% Centre funding for Bhanupali-Bilaspur-Leh rail line. Hindustan Times.

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